ɉɈɅȿɁɇɕȿ ɋɈȼȿɌɕ
ɋɈɊɌɂɊɈȼɄȺ ȻȿɅɖə
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɭɣɬɟɫɶ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚɦɢ ɧɚ ɷɬɢɤɟɬ-
ɤɟ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɜɟɳɢ ɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦɢ ɩɨ
ɫɬɢɪɤɟ, ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ. Ɋɚɫ-
ɫɨɪɬɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɛɟɥɶɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ:
ɛɟɥɨɟ ɛɟɥɶɟ, ɰɜɟɬɧɨɟ ɛɟɥɶɟ, ɫɢɧɬɟɬɢɤɚ,
ɞɟɥɢɤɚɬɧɨɟ ɛɟɥɶɟ, ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ ɢɡ ɲɟɪɫɬɢ.
ȼɕȼȿȾȿɇɂȿ ɉəɌȿɇ
ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɹɬɧɚ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɧɟ ɨɬɫɬɢɪɚɬɶɫɹ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɨɞɨɣ ɢ ɦɨɸɳɢɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ. ɉɨ-
ɷɬɨɦɭ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɢɯ ɩɟ-
ɪɟɞ ɫɬɢɪɤɨɣ.
Ʉɪɨɜɶ: ɩɪɨɦɨɣɬɟ
ɫɜɟɠɢɟ ɩɹ
ɬɧɚ ɯɨɥɨɞ-
ɧɨɣ ɜɨɞ
ɨɣ. Ɂɚɫɨɯɲɢɟ ɩɹɬɧɚ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɡɚ-
ɦɨɱɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɧɨɱɶ ɫɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɦɨɸ-
ɳɢɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɩɨɬɟɪɟɬɶ ɢɯ ɜ
ɦɵɥɶɧɨɦ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟ.
Ɇɚɫɥɹɧɵɟ ɤɪɚɫɤɢ: ɫɦɨɱɢɬɟ ɩɹɬɧɨɜɵɜɨ-
ɞɢɬɟɥɟɦ ɧɚ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɜɨɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ, ɩɨɥɨ-
ɠɢɬɟ ɜɟɳɶ ɧɚ ɦɹɝɤɭɸ ɩɨɞɫɬɢɥɤɭ ɢ ɩɪɨ-
ɦɨɤɧɢɬɟ ɩɹɬɧɨ; ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɭ
ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɪɚɡ.
Ɂɚɫɨɯɲɢɟ ɠɢɪɧɵɟ ɩɹɬɧɚ: ɫɦɨɱɢɬɟ ɫɤɢ
-
ɩɢɞɚɪɨɦ, ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟ ɜɟ
ɳɶ ɧɚ ɦɹɝɤɭɸ
ɩɨɞɫɬɢɥɤɭ ɢ ɤɨɧɱɢɤɚɦɢ ɩɚɥɶɰɟɜ ɩɪɨɦɨ-
ɤɧɢɬɟ ɩɹɬɧɨ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɯɥɨɩɱɚɬɨɛɭɦɚɠ-
ɧɨɝɨ ɬɚɦɩɨɧɚ.
Ɋɠɚɜɱɢɧɚ: ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɭɸ
ɜ ɝɨɪɹɱɟɣ ɜɨɞɟ ɳɚɜɟɥɟɜɭɸ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɭ ɢɥɢ
ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ
ɩɹɬɟɧ ɪɠɚɜɱɢɧɵ ɜ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɦ ɜɢɞɟ.
Ȼɭɞɶɬɟ ɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɵ ɫɨ ɫɬɚɪɵɦɢ ɩɹɬɧɚɦɢ
ɪɠɚɜɱɢɧɵ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɰɟɥɥɸɥɨɡɵ
ɩɨɞ ɧɢɦɢ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɚ, ɢ ɬɤɚɧɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ
ɩɨɪɜɚɬɶɫɹ.
ɉɹɬɧɚ
ɩɥɟɫɟɧɢ: ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɣɬɟ ɨɬɛɟɥɢ-
ɜɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɢ ɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɩɨɥɨɫɧɢɬɟ (ɬɨɥɶ-
ɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɛɟɥɨɝɨ ɢ ɰɜɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɛɟɥɶɹ, ɭɫɬɨɣ-
ɱɢɜɨɝɨ ɤ ɯɥɨɪɭ).
Ɍɪɚɜɹɧɵɟ ɩɹɬɧɚ: ɫɥɟɝɤɚ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɣɬɟ
ɦɵɥɨɦ, ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɨɬɛɟɥɢɜɚɬɟɥɟɦ (ɬɨɥɶɤɨ
ɞɥɹ ɛɟɥɨɝɨ ɢ ɰɜɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɛɟɥɶɹ, ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢ-
ɜɨɝɨ ɤ ɯɥɨɪɭ).
ɒɚɪɢɤɨɜɚɹ ɪɭɱɤɚ ɢ ɤɥɟɣ: ɫɦɨɱɢɬɟ
ɚɰɟɬɨɧɨɦ
1)
ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟ ɜɟɳɶ ɧɚ ɦɹɝɤɭɸ
ɩɨɞɫɬɢɥɤɭ ɢ ɩɪɨɦɨɤɧɢɬɟ ɩɹɬɧɨ.
Ƚɭɛɧɚɹ ɩɨɦɚɞɚ: ɫɦɨɱɢɬɟ ɚɰɟɬɨɧɨɦ, ɤɚɤ
ɭɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɜɵɲɟ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɣɬɟ ɩɹɬ-
ɧɨ ɞɟɧɚɬɭɪɚɬɨɦ. Ɉɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɣɬɟ ɨɫɬɚɜ-
ɲɢɟɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɵ ɨɬɛɟɥɢɜɚɬɟɥɟɦ.
Ʉɪɚɫɧɨɟ ɜɢɧɨ: ɡɚɦɨɱɢɬɟ ɫ ɦɨɸɳɢɦ
ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ, ɩɪɨɩɨɥɨɳɢɬɟ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɣɬɟ
ɭɤɫɭɫɧɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɥɢɦɨɧɧɨɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɨɣ, ɡɚɬɟɦ
ɟɳɟ ɪɚɡ ɩɪɨɩɨɥɨɳɢɬɟ. Ɉɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɣɬɟ ɨɫ-
ɬɚɜɲɢɟɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɵ ɨɬɛɟɥɢɜɚɬɟɥɟɦ.
ɑɟɪɧɢɥɚ: ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ
ɱɟɪɧɢɥ ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɫɦɨɱɢɬɟ ɩɹ
ɬɧɨ
ɚɰɟɬɨ-
ɧɨɦ
1)
, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɭɤɫɭɫɧɨɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɨɣ; ɨɛɪɚ-
ɛɨɬɚɣɬɟ ɨɫɬɚɜɲɢɟɫɹ ɧɚ ɛɟɥɨɣ ɬɤɚɧɢ
ɫɥɟɞɵ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɨɬɛɟɥɢɜɚɬɟɥɹ, ɚ ɡɚ-
ɬɟɦ ɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɩɨɥɨɳɢɬɟ ɟɟ.
ɉɹɬɧɚ ɫɦɨɥɵ: ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɣɬɟ
ɩɹɬɧɨɜɵɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɦ, ɞɟɧɚɬɭɪɚɬɨɦ ɢɥɢ
ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɦ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɩɨɬɪɢɬɟ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɱɢ-
ɫɬɹɳɭɸ ɩɚɫɬɭ.
ɋɊȿȾɋɌȼȺ ȾɅə ɋɌɂɊɄɂ ɂ ȾɈȻȺȼɄɂ
ɏɨɪɨɲɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɫɬɢɪɤɢ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɡɚ-
ɜɢɫɹɬ ɨɬ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɦɨɸɳɟɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɢ
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɟɝɨ ɞɨɡɢɪɨɜɤɢ,
ɱɬɨ ɩɨ
ɡɜɨ-
ɥɹɟ
ɬ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɬɶ ɥɢɲɧɢɯ ɬɪɚɬ ɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɢɬɶ
ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɭɸ ɫɪɟɞɭ.
Ɇɨɸɳɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ, ɯɨɬɹ ɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ
ɛɢɨɪɚɡɥɚɝɚɟɦɵɦɢ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ,
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɩɚɞɚɧɢɢ ɜ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɭɸ
ɫɪɟɞɭ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɧɚ-
ɪɭɲɢɬɶ ɯɪɭɩɤɨɟ ɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɢɟ ɜ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɟ.
ȼɵɛɨɪ ɦɨɸɳɟɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ
ɬɢɩɚ ɬɤɚɧɢ (ɞɟɥɢɤɚɬɧɵɟ ɬɤɚɧɢ, ɲɟɪɫɬɶ,
ɯɥɨɩɨɤ ɢ ɬ.ɞ.), ɰɜɟɬɚ, ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ
ɫɬɢɪ-
ɤɢ ɢ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɡɚɝ
ɪɹɡɧɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ.
ȼ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ
ɜɫɟ ɦɨɸɳɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɢɪɚɥɶɧɵɯ
ɦɚɲɢɧ, ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɞɚɠɟ:
• ɫɬɢɪɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɨɪɨɲɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ
ɬɤɚɧɟɣ
• ɫɬɢɪɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɨɪɨɲɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ ɢɡ
ɞɟɥɢɤɚɬɧɵɯ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ (ɦɚɤɫ. 60°C) ɢ
ɲɟɪɫɬɹɧɵɯ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ
• ɠɢɞɤɢɟ ɦɨɸɳɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ, ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɬɢ-
ɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɧɢɡɤɨɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɯ
ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɫɬɢɪɤɢ (ɦɚɤɫ. ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
60°C) ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ
ɢɥɢ ɫɩɟ-
ɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɟɞ
ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɢɪɤɢ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɲɟɪɫɬɹɧɵɯ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ.
Ɇɨɸɳɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɞɨɛɚɜɤɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ
ɩɨɦɟɳɚɬɶ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɟ-
ɧɢɹ ɞɨɡɚɬɨɪɚ ɦɨɸɳɢɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɩɟɪɟɞ
ɧɚɱɚɥɨɦ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɫɬɢɪ-
ɤɢ.
1) ɧɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɚɰɟɬɨɧ ɞɥɹ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ ɢɡ ɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɲɟɥɤɚ
14 electrolux