Candy GVS H10A2TCE-07 Руководство пользователя

ɌȿɏɇɂɑȿɋɄɂȿɏȺɊȺɄɌȿɊɂɋɌɂɄɂ



ɋɭɲɢɥɶɧɚɹɦɚɲɢɧɚ&6+$'(

ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɜɫɟɬɢ    ȽɲɛɬɭɩɭɩɤȾɱ

ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɜɫɟɬɢ  Ȼ 

Ʉɥɚɫɫɡɚɳɢɬɵɨɬɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ   ,ɪɠɫɝɶɤ

ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɬɨɤɨɦ

ɋɬɟɩɟɧɶɡɚɳɢɬɵ    ,3;

Ʉɥɚɫɫɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ  Ȼ

Ɇɚɤɫɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɚɦɨɤɪɨɝɨɛɟɥɶɹɤɝ   ɥɞ

ɉɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟɷɧɟɪɝɢɢɧɚɰɢɤɥɫɭɲɤɢ  Ʉȼɬ

Ƚɚɛɚɪɢɬɧɵɟɪɚɡɦɟɪɵ

ɜɵɫɨɬɚɯɲɢɪɢɧɚɯɝɥɭɛɢɧɚɤɨɪɩɭɫɚ  ɬɧɰɰ

ɉɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɚɹɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ 

Ƚɭɬɧɩɭɫɣɨɛɭɛɜɦɣɲɥɠɧɛɳɣɨɶ

ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ

ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ

ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵɦɨɞɟɥɢɦɚɲɢɧɵɭɤɚɡɚɧɵɧɚɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ

ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣɧɚɩɟɪɟɞɧɟɣɫɬɟɧɤɟɡɚɥɸɤɨɦ









ɈȽɅȺȼɅȿɇɂȿ

ɉɟɪɟɞ ɧɚɱɚɥɨɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ

ɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɶɬɟɫɶɫɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɟɣɩɪɢɪɚɛɨɬɟ

ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɣɬɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ

ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɢ ȼ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ

ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɫɹ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ

ɩɨ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ

ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɹ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ

ɩɨɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɸɥɭɱɲɢɯɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ

ɏɪɚɧɢɬɟ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɸ ɧɚ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɜ

ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɦ ɦɟɫɬɟ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ

ɛɭɞɭɳɟɦ ɢɥɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɧɨɜɨɦɭ

ɜɥɚɞɟɥɶɰɭ

ɉɪɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ

ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯɩɨɡɢɰɢɣ

x Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɩɨɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ

x Ƚɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɧɵɣɬɚɥɨɧ

x ɇɚɤɥɟɣɤɚ ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɟɦ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ

ɷɧɟɪɝɨɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ

Ɋɚɡɦɟɳɚɹɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɤɭɧɚɷɬɨɣ

ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɦɵ ɡɚɹɜɥɹɟɦ ɩɨɞ ɧɚɲɭ

ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɜɫɟɦ

ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɦ ɧɨɪɦɚɦ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ

ɨɯɪɚɧɵ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɢ ɷɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ

ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɦ ɜ

ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɞɥɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɞɚ

ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ

   ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ

ɦɚɲɢɧɟ ɩɪɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɟ ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ

ɧɚɥɢɱɢɹ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ

ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɭɸ ɫɥɭɠɛɭ ɇɟɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ

 ɦɟɪ

ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɧɚɪɭɟɧɢɸ

ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɣ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ

 ɦɚɲɢɧɵ

Ɇɟɪɵɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ

Ʉɨɦɩɥɟɤɬ ɫɥɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɲɥɚɧɝɚ

ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɩɨɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ

ɉɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚɤɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɟɛɟɥɶɹ

Ɉɱɢɫɬɤɚɢɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɨɟ

ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ

Ʉɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɞɥɹɜɨɞɵ

Ⱦɜɟɪɰɚɮɢɥɶɬɪɢɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪ

Ɉɪɝɚɧɵɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɢɢɧɞɢɤɚɰɢɹ

ȼɵɛɨɪ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ

ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ

ɍɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɢ

ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɟɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ

Ɇɟɪɵɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ



ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ

ɞɟɬɶɦɢ ɢ  ɥɸɞɶɦɢ ɫ

ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢɢ

ɭɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ

ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɫ ɩɨɧɢɠɟɧɧɨɣ

ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ

ɥɸɞɶɦɢ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɦɢ

ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɝɨɨɩɵɬɚɢɥɢ

ɡɧɚɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɟɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ

ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɨɞ

ɩɪɢɫɦɨɬɪɨɦɢɥɢ

ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɵ

ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ ɢ

ɨɫɨɡɧɚɸɬɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɭɸ

ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ Ⱦɟɬɹɦ  ɢɝɪɚɬɶ ɫ

ɦɚɲɢɧɨɣ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ Ⱦɟɬɹɦ

ɛɟɡɩɪɢɫɦɨɬɪɚ

ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɨ ɱɢɫɬɢɬɶ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ

ɢɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹɢɦ ɞɟɬɹɦɞɨ

ɬɪɟɯɥɟɬɧɟɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɟɬɫɹ

ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɚɬɶɫɹɤ

ɦɚɲɢɧɟɛɟɡɩɪɢɫɦɨɬɪɚ

ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ Ɇɨɠɟɬ

ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɭɬɶɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶɩɨɠɚɪɚɜ

ɫɥɭɱɚɟ

ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ

Ⱦɚɧɧɨɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ

ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɨ ɞɥɹ

ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢɜɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ

ɛɵɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ

ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ

 ɜ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɵɯ ɡɨɧɚɯ ɞɥɹ

ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɦɚɝɚɡɢɧɨɜ ɨɮɢɫɨɜ

ɢɧɚɞɪɭɝɢɯ

ɦɟɫɬɚɯɪɚɛɨɬɵ

ɜɡɚɝɨɪɨɞɧɵɯɞɨɦɚɯ

ɤɥɢɟɧɬɚɦɢɝɨɫɬɢɧɢɰɦɨɬɟɥɟɣɢ

ɞɪɭɝɢɯɦɟɫɬɩɪɨɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ

ɜɨɛɳɟɠɢɬɢɹɯ

ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ

ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ

ɨɬɥɢɱɧɵɯɨɬɞɨɦɚɲɧɢɯ

ɢɥɢɫɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɦɢɨɬɥɢɱɧɵɦɢɨɬ

ɨɛɵɱɧɵɯɮɭɧɤɰɢɣɞɨɦɚɲɧɟɝɨ

ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɚ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɤɚɤ

ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ

ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɨ ɞɚɠɟ ɜ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ

ɜɵɲɟ

ɨɛɥɚɫɬɹɯɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ

ɇɟɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ

ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ

ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɸɫɪɨɤɚ

ɟɝɨɫɥɭɠɛɵɨɧɨɦɨɠɟɬɜɵɡɜɚɬɶ

ɩɪɟɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ

ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɢ

ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹ ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ

ɫ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ

ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ

ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ

ɡɚ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ

ɭɛɵɬɨɤ

ɢɥɢ ɩɨɬɟɪɢ ɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɵɟ

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɧɟ

ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ

ɞɨɦɚɲɧɢɦ ɢ ɛɵɬɨɜɵɦ

ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦ ɞɚɠɟ ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧɨ

ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɥɨ ɜ ɞɨɦɚɲɧɢɯ ɢɥɢ

ɛɵɬɨɜɵɯɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ

Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹɦɚɲɢɧɚɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɚ

ɞɥɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ

ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸɜ

ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɢɦ

ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɉɟɪɟɞ ɧɚɱɚɥɨɦ

ɪɚɛɨɬɵɫ

ɦɚɲɢɧɨɣɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ

ɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɢɬɶɫɹ ɢ ɩɨɧɹɬɶ

ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɢ

ɪɚɛɨɬɟ

ɇɟ ɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɤ ɦɚɲɢɧɟ

ɦɨɤɪɵɦɢ ɪɭɤɚɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɫɬɨɹ ɧɚ

ɜɥɚɠɧɨɦɩɨɥɭ

ɇɟ ɨɛɥɨɤɚɱɢɜɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɧɚ

ɞɜɟɪɰɭɩɪɢɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɟɦɚɲɢɧɵ

ɧɟɩɨɞɧɢɦɚɣɬɟɢ





˄̨̡̭̯̦̌̏̌

ɇɟɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɣɬɟɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɢɤɢ

ɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɥɢ ɫ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɦɢ

ɪɨɡɟɬɤɚɦɢ ɢ  ɭɞɥɢɧɢɬɟɥɢ

ɇɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ

ɪɹɞɨɦ ɫ ɡɚɧɚɜɟɫɤɚɦɢ ɧɟ

ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɛɟɥɶɟ

ɩɚɞɚɥɨɢɥɢɫɤɚɩɥɢɜɚɥɨɫɶɡɚ

ɦɚɲɢɧɨɣ

ɇɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ

ɡɚ ɡɚɩɢɪɚɸɳɟɣɫɹ ɢɥɢ

ɪɚɡɞɜɢɠɧɨɣ ɞɜɟɪɶɸ ɢɥɢ

ɞɜɟɪɶɸ ɧɚ ɩɟɬɥɹɯ

ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɸɳɟɣɫɹ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ

ɦɚɲɢɧɵ





ȼɚɠɧɨȼɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ

ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ

ɱɬɨ ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɚɲɢɧɚ

ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɦ

ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ

ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɜɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ

ɬɨɥɶɤɨɨɬɤɥɨɧɢɬɶɜɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɭɸ

ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ

ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟȿɫɥɢ

ɦɚɲɢɧɚɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ

ɫɬɨɪɨɧɟ ɩɨɞɨɠɞɢɬɟ ɤɚɤ

ɦɢɧɢɦɭɦ  ɱɚɫɚ ɩɟɪɟɞ

ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɦɚɫɥɨ

ɦɨɝɥɨ ɫɬɟɱɶ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨ ɜ

ɤɨɦɩɪɟɫɫɨɪ ȼ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ

ɫɥɭɱɚɟɷɬɨɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢɤ

ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɸɤɨɦɩɪɟɫɫɨɪɚ

ɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɜɢɝɚɣɬɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɡɚ

ɞɜɟɪɰɭ

ɇɟɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɣɬɟɞɟɬɹɦɢɝɪɚɬɶɫ

ɦɚɲɢɧɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɟɟ ɩɚɧɟɥɶɸ

ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ

ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ ɇɟ

ɜɤɥɸɱɚɣɬɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɩɪɢ

ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɦ

ɢɥɢ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɧɨɦ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɟ

ɞɥɹ ɭɥɚɜɥɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɨɥɨɤɨɧ ɢ

ɜɨɪɫɚɷɬɨɦɨɠɟɬɜɵɡɜɚɬɶ

ɜɨɡɝɨɪɚɧɢɟ ɨɬɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ

ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ

ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ ȼ ɦɟɫɬɟ

ɝɞɟɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɫɢɦɜɨɥ

ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ

ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ

ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɬɶ 

ɝɪɚɞɭɫɨɜɋ

ȼɵɧɶɬɟɜɢɥɤɭɢɡɪɨɡɟɬɤɢɉɟɪɟɞ

ɨɱɢɫɬɤɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ

ɜɵɧɢɦɚɣɬɟɜɢɥɤɭɢɡɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ

ɇɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɣɬɟ ɧɚ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɣ

ɦɚɲɢɧɟ

ɇɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɫɤɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ

ɜɨɥɨɤɨɧ ɢ ɜɨɪɫɚ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɭ

ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɨɣ

ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵɦɚɲɢɧɵ

Ɋɚɛɨɱɢɣ ɰɢɤɥ ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɨɣ

ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ

ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɨɦ

ɧɚɝɪɟɜɟ ɰɢɤɥ ɨɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɢɹ

ɱɬɨɛɵ ɛɟɥɶɟ ɧɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɥɨɫɶ

ɢɡɡɚ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɨɣ

ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ

ɇɟ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ

ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɨɣɦɚɲɢɧɨɣɟɫɥɢɞɥɹ

ɫɬɢɪɤɢ

ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɥɢɫɶ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɟ

ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɵ

ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ ɇɢɤɨɝɞɚ

ɧɟɨɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɣɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɭɞɨ

ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹɰɢɤɥɚɫɭɲɤɢɤɪɨɦɟ

ɬɟɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɛɟɥɶɟ

ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹɫɪɨɱɧɨɞɨɫɬɚɬɶ

Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ

ɛɟɥɶɹ ɩɪɢ ɫɭɲɤɟ ɫɦ

ɧɚɤɥɟɣɤɭ

ɷɧɟɪɝɨɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ





ɇɟ ɫɭɲɢɬɟ ɧɟɫɬɢɪɚɧɧɨɟ

ɛɟɥɶɟɜɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɨɣɦɚɲɢɧɟ

ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ ɇɟ

ɫɭɲɢɬɟ ɜ ɦɚɲɢɧɟ ɛɟɥɶɟ

ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɨɟ

ɫɭɯɨɣɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɱɢɫɬɤɨɣ

ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ

Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɬɢɩɚ ɨɪɨɥɨɧɚ ɩɪɢ

ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ

ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ

ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɥɶɧɨ

ɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɢɬɶɫɹɂɡɞɟɥɢɹɢɡ

ɩɨɪɨɥɨɧɚ ɥɚɬɟɤɫɧɚɹ

ɩɟɧɨɪɟɡɢɧɚ ɲɚɩɨɱɤɢ ɞɥɹ

ɞɭɲɚ ɜɨɞɨɧɟɩɪɨɧɢɰɚɟɦɵɣ

ɬɟɤɫɬɢɥɶ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ ɢ ɨɞɟɠɞɚ

ɧɚɪɟɡɢɧɨɜɨɣ

ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɩɨɞɭɲɤɢ ɫ

ɩɟɧɨɪɟɡɢɧɨɜɵɦɢ

ɜɤɥɚɞɵɲɚɦɢɫɭɲɢɬɶɜ

ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɟ ɇȿ

ȾɈɉɍɋɄȺȿɌɋə

ɂɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɩɪɢɝɨɞɧɨɫɬɢ

ɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɫɭɲɤɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ

ɧɚɣɬɢ ɧɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ

ɷɬɢɤɟɬɤɚɯɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ

ɉɟɪɟɞ ɫɭɲɤɨɣ ɜ ɦɚɲɢɧɟ

ɛɟɥɶɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɠɚɬɶ ɜ

ɰɟɧɬɪɢɮɭɝɟ ɢɥɢ ɨɬɠɚɬɶ ɟɝɨ

ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ ɇɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɣɬɟ ɜ

ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɭɸ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɛɟɥɶɟ ɫ

ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨɤɚɩɚɟɬɜɨɞɚ

ɇɟ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɣɬɟ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɥɤɢ ɢ

ɫɩɢɱɤɢɜɤɚɪɦɚɧɚɯɇɂɄɈȽȾȺ

ɧɟ  ɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶ ɝɨɪɸɱɢɦɢ

ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɹɦɢɜɛɥɢɡɢɦɚɲɢɧɵ

ɇȿ ɡɚɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɣɬɟ ɜ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ

ɡɚɧɚɜɟɫɤɢɢɡ ɫɬɟɤɥɨɜɨɥɨɤɧɚ

ɉɪɢ

ɩɨɩɚɞɚɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɨɞɟɠɞɭ

ɫɬɟɤɥɨɜɨɥɨɤɧɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ

ɜɵɡɜɚɬɶɪɚɡɞɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ

ɉɟɪɟɞ ɫɭɲɤɨɣ ɜ ɦɚɲɢɧɟ

ɛɟɥɶɟɫɩɹɬɧɚɦɢɤɭɥɢɧɚɪɧɨɝɨ

ɠɢɪɚ ɚɰɟɬɨɧɚ ɚɥɤɨɝɨɥɹ

ɛɟɧɡɢɧɚ ɤɟɪɨɫɢɧɚ

Ȼɟɥɶɟɩɨɫɥɟɫɬɢɪɤɢ

ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɟɣ ɞɥɹ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹ

ɩɹɬɟɧ ɫɤɢɩɢɞɚɪɚ ɜɨɫɤɚ ɢ

ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɞɥɹɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹɜɨɫɤɚ

ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ

ɩɪɨɦɵɬɶ ɝɨɪɹɱɟɣ ɜɨɞɨɣ ɫ

ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɦ

ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ

ɋɦɹɝɱɢɬɟɥɢ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɢɥɢ

ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɟ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɵ

ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ

ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɟɣ

ɩɨɢɯɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɸ

ȼɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹ

ɉɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ 

ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɚ ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɚɹ

ɦɚɲɢɧɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ

ɩɪɨɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɨ

ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɩɚɞɚɧɢɹ

ɝɨɪɸɱɢɯɝɚɡɨɜɨɬɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ 

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɳɢɯ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ 

ɜɢɞɵ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɢɥɢ ɨɬ

ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɝɨɩɥɚɦɟɧɢɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ

ɦɨɝɭɬɩɨɩɚɫɬɶɜɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ

ɩɪɢɪɚɛɨɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɵ

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɡɚɞɧɟɣ

ɫɬɨɪɨɧɨɣɛɥɢɡɤɨɤɫɬɟɧɟɢɥɢ

ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ

ɧɟɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ

Ɇɟɠɞɭ ɦɚɲɢɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɧɨɣ ɢ

ɦɟɛɟɥɶɸ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ

ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ ɡɚɡɨɪ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ

ɦɦȼɯɨɞɢɜɵɯɨɞɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ

ɢɡ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ

ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɦɢ Ⱦɥɹ

ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ

ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ

ɦɟɠɞɭ ɞɧɨɦ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɢ

ɩɨɥɨɦ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ

ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɧɢɤɚɤɢɟ

ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ

Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɣɬɟ

ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨ ɥɢ  ɩɪɨɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ

ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚɱɟɪɟɡɦɚɲɢɧɭ

ɉɨɫɥɟ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ

ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɣɬɟ

ɜɨɪɫɨɜɵɣɮɢɥɶɬɪ

ɢɩɪɢɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɨɱɢɳɚɣɬɟ

ɟɝɨ

ɇɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ

ɛɟɥɶɹ ɡɚ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɢ ɟɝɨ

ɫɤɨɩɥɟɧɢɟɜɷɬɨɦɦɟɫɬɟɬɚɤ

ɤɚɤ ɷɬɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɦɟɲɚɬɶ

ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɸɢɨɬɜɨɞɭ

ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ

 ɇɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɣɬɟ

ɢɡɞɟɥɢɟ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɫ

ɧɢɡɤɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɜ

ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢɝɞɟ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ

ɪɢɫɤ ɡɚɦɟɪɡɚɧɢɹ ɉɪɢ

ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟɛɥɢɡɤɨɣɤɬɨɱɤɟ

ɡɚɦɟɪɡɚɧɢɹ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ

ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɧɟ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ

ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ

ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ

ɡɚɦɟɪɡɚɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ

ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɟ

ɤɥɚɩɚɧɵ ɲɥɚɧɝɢ ɧɚɫɨɫɵ

Ɇɚɲɢɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ

ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɟɟ  ɩɪɢ 

ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟɜɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢɨɬ

ɋ ɞɨ ɋ Ɉɛɪɚɬɢɬɟ

ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟɧɚ

ɯɨɥɨɞɟ ɨɬ ɋ ɞɨ ɋ

ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ

ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬ ɢ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɭ ɦɨɝɭɬ

ɩɨɹɜɥɹɬɶɫɹɤɚɩɥɢɜɨɞɵ





ɇɂɄɈȽȾȺɧɟɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɣɬɟ

ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɭɸ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɭ

ɡɚɧɚɜɟɫɨɤ

ȿɫɥɢ ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɚɲɢɧɚ

ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ

ɫɬɢɪɚɥɶɧɭɸ

ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ

ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬ

ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ

 ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɱɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬ

ɦɨɞɟɥɶ  ɞɥɹ

ɫɬɢɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ

ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ

ɫɦ

 ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɱɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬ

ɦɨɞɟɥɶ  ɞɥɹ

ɫɬɢɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ

ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ

ɫɦ

ɇɭɠɧɵɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɱɧɵɣ

ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬ ɨɞɢɧ ɢɡ

ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɯɜɵɲɟ

ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɫɬɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ

ɧɚɲɢɯɩɚɪɬɧɟɪɨɜɢɥɢɬɚɦɠɟ

ɝɞɟ ɜɵ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɥɢ

ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɭɸɦɚɲɢɧɭ

ɂɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɢ

ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɸɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɹɫ

ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɱɧɵɦɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɨɦ

ȼɵɯɨɞɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ

ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɵɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣɫɪɟɞɵ

ȼɫɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɨɱɧɵɟ

ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɧɟ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ

ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɧɚɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɭɸɫɪɟɞɭɢɦɨɝɭɬ

ɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ

Ⱦɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ

ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɬɚɪɨɣ ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ

ɢɡɜɥɟɤɢɬɟ ɜɢɥɤɭ ɢɡ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ ɨɛɪɟɠɶɬɟ

ɤɚɛɟɥɶɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɢɭɬɢɥɢɡɢɪɭɣɬɟɟɝɨɜɦɟɫɬɟ

ɫɜɢɥɤɨɣɑɬɨɛɵɞɟɬɢɧɟɡɚɤɪɵɥɢɛɵɫɟɛɹɜ

ɭɬɢɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɟ ɫɥɨɦɚɣɬɟ

ɞɜɟɪɧɵɟɩɟɬɥɢɢɥɢɡɚɦɨɤɞɜɟɪɰɵ

ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɚɹɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɚ(8

ɇɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɢɦɟɟɬ

ɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɤɭɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ

ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣ

ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɵȿ8ɩɨ

ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨɢ

ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ:(((

Ɉɬɯɨɞɵɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ

ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɤɚɤɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɸɳɢɟ

ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɟɜɵɡɜɚɬɶɧɟɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ

ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɬɚɤ ɢ

ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɦɨɝɭɬɛɵɬɶ

ɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɵ Ɉɱɟɧɶ ɜɚɠɧɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɬɯɨɞɵ

ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ

ɩɪɨɯɨɞɢɥɢɱɟɪɟɡɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɟɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɵɩɨ

ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɦɭɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɸɢɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢɜɫɟɯ

ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɸɳɢɯɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɢ

ɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɨɬɤɢɜɫɟɯɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜɈɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ

ɥɢɰɚɦɨɝɭɬɫɵɝɪɚɬɶɜɚɠɧɭɸɪɨɥɶɜ

ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɢɬɨɝɨɱɬɨɨɬɯɨɞɵɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɢ

ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɧɟɫɬɚɧɭɬ

ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɧɵɦɢɞɥɹɨɯɪɚɧɵɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣɫɪɟɞɵ

ɤɪɚɣɧɟɜɚɠɧɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ

ɩɪɚɜɢɥ

ɋɨɬɯɨɞɚɦɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ

ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɧɟɥɶɡɹɨɛɪɚɳɚɬɶɫɹɤɚɤɫ

ɨɛɵɱɧɵɦɢɛɵɬɨɜɵɦɢɨɬɯɨɞɚɦɢ

Ɉɬɯɨɞɵɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ

ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɞɨɥɠɧɵɫɞɚɜɚɬɶɫɹɧɚ

ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟɩɭɧɤɬɵɫɛɨɪɚɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɟɫɹɜ

ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯɢɥɢ

ɡɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɣ

ȼɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɫɬɪɚɧɚɯɩɪɢɩɨɤɭɩɤɟɧɨɜɨɝɨ

ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɫɬɚɪɨɟɦɨɠɟɬɛɵɬɶɫɞɚɧɨ

ɪɨɡɧɢɱɧɨɦɭ ɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ

ɛɟɫɩɥɚɬɧɨ  ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɜɵɜɨɡ ɢ

ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɸɜɡɚɦɟɧɧɚɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɵɣɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɫɨ

ɫɯɨɠɢɦɢɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɦɢɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɬɶɟɝɨɜɵɜɨɡɢ

ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɸɜɡɚɦɟɧɧɚɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɵɣɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɫɨ

ɫɯɨɠɢɦɢɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɦɢ

ɋɟɪɜɢɫɧɚɹɫɥɭɠɛɚ

Ⱦɥɹɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɣɢ

ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣɪɚɛɨɬɵɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɱɬɨɛɵ

ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟɢɪɟɦɨɧɬɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɥ

ɬɨɥɶɤɨɭɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɟɧɧɵɣɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɵɣɢɧɠɟɧɟɪ





ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ

ɋɭɲɢɥɶɧɚɹ  ɦɚɲɢɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɨɬ

ɨɞɧɨɮɚɡɧɨɝɨɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ±ȼȽɰ

ɉɢɬɚɸɳɚɹɫɟɬɶɞɨɥɠɧɚɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶɬɨɤɧɟ

ɦɟɧɟɟ Ⱥ ȼɵɫɨɤɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ

ɛɵɬɶɱɪɟɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɨɨɩɚɫɧɨɞɥɹɠɢɡɧɢ

Ɂɚɡɟɦɥɢɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɭ

Ɋɨɡɟɬɤɚ ɢ ɜɢɥɤɚ ɧɚ ɦɚɲɢɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ

ɩɨɞɯɨɞɢɬɶɞɪɭɝɤɞɪɭɝɭ

ɇɟɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɢɤɢɫ

ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɦɢɪɨɡɟɬɤɚɦɢɢɥɢɭɞɥɢɧɢɬɟɥɶ

ȼɢɥɤɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɬɶɫɹ  ɜ

ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɦɦɟɫɬɟɱɬɨɛɵɟɟɦɨɠɧɨɛɵɥɨ

ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɩɨɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɢ

ɪɚɛɨɬɵ

ɇɟɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟɦɟɪɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ

ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɸ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɣ

ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢɦɚɲɢɧɵ

ȼɫɥɭɱɚɟɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɫɟɬɟɜɨɝɨɤɚɛɟɥɹɟɝɨ

ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ

ɤɚɛɟɥɶɤɨɬɨɪɵɣɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɫɬɢɌɈɅɖɄɈɜ

ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɣ ɫɥɭɠɛɟ Ʉɚɛɟɥɶ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ

ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɬɧɵɣ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬ

ɇɟɜɫɬɚɜɥɹɣɬɟɜɢɥɤɭɜɪɨɡɟɬɤɭɢɧɟ

ɜɤɥɸɱɚɣɬɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɞɨ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ

ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ȼ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ

ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɭɸ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ

ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ

ȿɫɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɭ ɜɚɫ

ɩɨɹɜɢɥɢɫɶ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ

ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɭɸɫɥɭɠɛɭ

Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚɜɵɫɨɬɵɧɨɠɟɤ

ɉɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ

ɦɚɲɢɧɵ  ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ

ɜɵɪɨɜɧɹɬɶɟɟɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ

ɨɬɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɜɜɵɫɨɬɭ

ɧɨɠɟɤ

ɋɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ  ɮɬɨɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ

ɩɚɪɧɢɤɨɜɵɟɝɚɡɵ

Ƚɟɪɦɟɬɢɱɧɨ

*:3









ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɥɢɜɧɨɝɨ

ɲɥɚɧɝɚɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɩɨɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ



ɑɬɨɛɵɧɟɨɩɭɫɬɨɲɚɬɶɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɫ

ɜɨɞɨɣɩɨɫɥɟɤɚɠɞɨɝɨɰɢɤɥɚɫɭɲɤɢɦɨɠɧɨ

ɫɥɢɜɚɬɶ ɜɨɞɭ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜ

ɤɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɬɚ ɠɟ ɞɪɟɧɚɠɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ

ɱɬɨ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɞɨɦɚɲɧɢɯ ɪɚɤɨɜɢɧ Ɉɛɵɱɧɨ

ɜɨɞɧɨɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɟɬ

ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɞɪɟɧɚɠɧɵɦ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɦ

ɜɵɜɨɞɹɳɢɦ ɜɨɞɭ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɟɦɥɢ

Ɉɬɜɨɞɜɤɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɸɞɨɥɠɟɧ

ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɬɶɫɹ ɪɹɞɨɦ ɫ ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɨɣ

ɦɚɲɢɧɨɣ

ȼɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɜɯɨɞɹɬɲɥɚɧɝ±ɲɬɡɚɝɥɭɲɤɚ

±ɲɬ

ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿɉɟɪɟɞ

ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟɦɤɚɤɢɯɥɢɛɨɪɚɛɨɬɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ

ɦɚɲɢɧɭɢɢɡɜɥɟɤɢɬɟɜɢɥɤɭɢɡɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ

ȼɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɲɥɚɧɝɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ

ɇɚɤɥɨɧɢɬɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ

ɧɚɡɚɞ



Ɍɪɭɛɤɚ ɨɬɜɨɞɚ ɜɨɞɵ

ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɚɧɚ

ɩɪɚɜɨɣɫɬɨɪɨɧɟ

ɦɚɲɢɧɵɫɦɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ

ɋɟɪɵɣɲɥɚɧɝ

ɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɤ

ɦɨɫɬɭɫɥɟɜɨɣɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ

ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɉɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ

ɩɥɨɫɤɨɝɭɛɰɟɜ ɫɧɢɦɢɬɟ

ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɡɚɠɢɦ

ɫɬɪɭɛɤɢɨɬɜɨɞɚɜɨɞɵ

Ɉɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟ ɲɥɚɧɝ

ɨɬɬɪɭɛɤɢ

ɉɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟ

ɱɺɪɧɵɣ  ɲɥɚɧɝ ɢɡ

ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ

ɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɥɶ ɢɤɥɢɩɫɵ

ɢɡɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɚɤɲɥɚɧɝɭ

ɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɺɧɧɨɦɭ ɨɬ

ɫɥɢɜɧɨɝɨɩɚɬɪɭɛɤɚɬɚ

ɉɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɡɚɝɥɭɲɤɭ

ɢɡ

ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɚ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ

ɱɬɨɛɵɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɬɶ

ɨɫɬɚɜɲɢɣɫɹ ɲɥɚɧɝ

ɉɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟ ɧɨɜɵɣ

ɫɥɢɜɧɨɣɲɥɚɧɝɤ

ɱɟɪɧɨɣ ɬɪɭɛɤɟ ɞɥɹ

ɨɬɜɨɞɚɜɨɞɵ

Ʉɨɝɞɚɦɚɲɢɧɚ

ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɫɜɨɟ

ɦɟɫɬɨ ɨɬɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɣɬɟ

ɜɵɫɨɬɭ ɧɨɠɟɤ ɱɬɨɛɵ

ɧɨɜɵɣɲɥɚɧɝɧɟ

ɩɟɪɟɝɧɭɥɫɹ ɜɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ

ɩɟɪɟɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ

ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɨ

ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ  ɦɚɲɢɧɭɜ

ɫɟɬɶ











ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟȿɫɥɢɦɚɲɢɧɚ

ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɧɚɞɪɭɝɨɣɫɬɨɪɨɧɟɩɨɞɨɠɞɢɬɟɤɚɤ

ɦɢɧɢɦɭɦ  ɱɚɫɚ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɱɬɨɛɵ

ɦɚɫɥɨɦɨɝɥɨɫɬɟɱɶɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɜɤɨɦɩɪɟɫɫɨɪȼ

ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɷɬɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ

ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɸɤɨɦɩɪɟɫɫɨɪɚ



ɉɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚɤɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɟɛɟɥɶɹ



 ɉɟɪɟɞɩɟɪɜɵɦɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɨɣɦɚɲɢɧɵ

x ȼɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɣɬɟɞɚɧɧɭɸɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ

x ɂɡɜɥɟɤɢɬɟɭɩɚɤɨɜɨɱɧɵɣɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɢɡɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɚ

x ɉɪɨɬɪɢɬɟ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɸɸ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɚ ɢ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ

ɜɥɚɠɧɨɣɬɤɚɧɶɸ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɭɛɪɚɬɶɩɵɥɶ ɩɨɩɚɜɲɭɸɩɪɢ

ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɟ

ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɱɬɨ ɛɟɥɶɟ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɟ ɫɭɲɤɟ



ɩɪɢɝɨɞɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɰɟɥɢ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɷɬɢɤɟɬɤɟ

ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚɦɢ ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɭɝɨɜɢɰɵ ɢ

ɦɨɥɧɢɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɡɚɫɬɟɝɧɭɬɵ ɚ ɜ ɤɚɪɦɚɧɚɯ ɧɢɱɟɝɨ ɧɟɬ

ȼɵɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɨɞɟɠɞɭ ɧɚɢɡɧɚɧɤɭ ɉɨɥɨɠɢɬɟ ɛɟɥɶɟ ɜ

ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨ  ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɧɨ ɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɭɬɢɥɨɫɶ

ɉɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚɛɟɥɶɹ

ɇɟɫɭɲɢɬɟɜɦɚɲɢɧɟɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ

ɒɟɥɤɤɚɩɪɨɧɨɜɵɟɱɭɥɤɢɬɨɧɤɭɸɜɵɲɢɜɤɭɢɤɪɭɠɟɜɨ

ɬɤɚɧɶɫɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢɭɤɪɚɲɟɧɢɹɦɢɨɞɟɠɞɭɫɉȼɏ

ɢɤɨɠɚɧɨɣɨɬɞɟɥɤɨɣ

   ȼȺɀɇɈ ɇɟ ɫɭɲɢɬɟ ɛɟɥɶɟ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɨɟ

ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɫɭɯɨɣ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɢɥɢ

ɪɟɡɢɧɨɜɭɸ ɨɞɟɠɞɭ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɡɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ

ɜɡɪɵɜɚ

ɉɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟɦɢɧɭɬɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɧɨɟɛɟɥɶɟɨɫɬɵɜɚɟɬ

ɜɩɨɬɨɤɟɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɝɨɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ

ȼ ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɭɸ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɡɚɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ

ɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɨɬɠɚɬɨɟɰɟɧɬɪɢɮɭɝɨɣɢɥɢɜɪɭɱɧɭɸɛɟɥɶɟ

ɑɟɦɫɭɲɟɛɟɥɶɟɬɟɦɦɟɧɶɲɟɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɧɚ

ɫɭɲɤɭ ɱɬɨ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɬ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɷɧɟɪɝɢɸ

 ȼɋȿȽȾȺ

Ⴠɉɟɪɟɞɤɚɠɞɵɦɰɢɤɥɨɦɫɭɲɤɢɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɣɬɟ

ɱɢɫɬɨɬɭɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ

 ɇɂɄɈȽȾȺ

Ⴠɇɟɡɚɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɣɬɟɜɦɚɲɢɧɭɛɟɥɶɟɫɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ

ɤɚɩɚɟɬɜɨɞɚɷɬɨɦɨɠɟɬɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶɦɚɲɢɧɭ

ɗɧɟɪɝɨɫɛɟɪɟɠɟɧɢɟ





Ɣȼɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɫɢɦɜɨɥɚɦɢ

Ɉɧɢɦɨɝɭɬɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɧɚɜɨɪɨɬɧɢɱɤɟɢɥɢɲɜɚɯɛɟɥɶɹ

 ɉɪɢɝɨɞɧɨɞɥɹɫɭɲɤɢɜɦɚɲɢɧɟ

 ɋɭɲɤɚɩɪɢɜɵɫɨɤɨɣɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ

 ɋɭɲɤɚɬɨɥɶɤɨɩɪɢɧɢɡɤɨɣɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ

 ɇɟɩɨɞɥɟɠɢɬɫɭɲɤɟɜɦɚɲɢɧɟ

ɋɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɚɛɟɥɶɹɩɪɢɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɟɜɦɚɲɢɧɭ

ɇɟ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɭɠɚɣɬɟɛɚɪɚɛɚɧ ɋɵɪɨɟ ɛɟɥɶɟ

ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɟɜɵɫɢɬɶ

ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɧɵɣ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɜɟɫ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ

ɫɩɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɦɟɲɤɢ ɩɭɯɨɜɨɟ ɨɞɟɹɥɨ



ȿɫɥɢɧɚɛɟɥɶɟɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɟɬɹɪɥɵɤɬɨɩɨɞɪɚɡɭ

ɦɟɜɚɟɬɫɹɱɬɨɨɧɨɧɟɩɨɞɯɨɞɢɬɞɥɹɫɭɲɤɢɜ

ɦɚɲɢɧɟ

Ⴠɉɨɨɛɴɟɦɭɢɬɨɥɳɢɧɟ

ȿɫɥɢɨɛɴɟɦɛɟɥɶɹɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶɛɚɤɚ

ɪɚɡɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɨɞɟɠɞɭ ɩɨ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɟ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ

ɩɨɥɨɬɟɧɰɚɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɨɬɧɢɠɧɟɝɨɛɟɥɶɹ

Ⴠɉɨɬɢɩɭɬɤɚɧɢ

ɏɥɨɩɨɤɥɟɧ ɩɨɥɨɬɟɧɰɚ ɯɥɨɩɤ ɨɜɵɣ

ɬɪɢɤɨɬɚɠ ɩɨɫɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɥɶɧɹɧɨɟ ɛɟɥɶɟ ɢ

ɧɚɫɬɨɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ

ɋɢɧɬɟɬɢɤɚɛɥɭɡɤɢ ɪɭɛɚɲɤɢ ɤɨɦɛɢɧɟɡɨɧɵ ɢ ɩɪ

ɨɞɟɠɞɚ ɢɡ ɩɨɥɢɷɫɬɟɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɥɢɚɦɢɞɚ ɚ

ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɦɟɫɶ ɯɥɨɩɤɚ ɢ ɫɢɧɬɟɬɢɤɢ



Ɉɱɢɫɬɤɚɢɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɨɟ

ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ



   ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ Ȼɚɪɚɛɚɧ ɞɜɟɪɰɚ ɢ

ɛɟɥɶɟɦɨɝɭɬɛɵɬɶɨɱɟɧɶɝɨɪɹɱɢɦɢ

ȼȺɀɇɈɉɟɪɟɞɨɱɢɫɬɤɨɣɦɚɲɢɧɵɜɫɟɝɞɚ

ɨɬɤɥɸɱɚɣɬɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɢ ɜɵɧɢɦɚɣɬɟ ɜɢɥɤɭ ɢɡ

ɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ

   ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ

ɭɤɚɡɚɧɵ ɧɚ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɧɚ ɥɢɰɟɜɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɟ

ɤɨɪɩɭɫɚ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɩɪɢ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɣ ɞɜɟɪɰɟ

Ɉɱɢɫɬɤɚɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɨɣɦɚɲɢɧɵ

Ɣɉɨɫɥɟ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɨɱɢɳɚɣɬɟ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ ɢ

ɨɩɭɫɬɨɲɚɣɬɟɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɞɥɹɜɨɞɵ

ƔɊɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɨɨɱɢɳɚɣɬɟɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪ

Ɣɉɨɫɥɟ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɬɪɢɬɟ

ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɸɸ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɚ ɢ ɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ

ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɣ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɪɨɫɭɲɢɬɶ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ

Ɣ ɉɪɨɬɪɢɬɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɢ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɫɧɚɪɭɠɢ ɦɹɝɤɨɣ

ɬɤɚɧɶɸ

ɇȿɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɵɦɢɩɨɞɭɲɟɱɤɚɦɢ ɢɥɢ

ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɦɢɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ

Ɣȼɨɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɩɪɢɥɢɩɚɧɢɹɢɥɢɫɨɛɢɪɚɧɢɹɜɨɪɫɚ

ɨɱɢɳɚɣɬɟ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɸɸ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɞɜɟɪɰɵ ɢ

ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɭɩɨɫɥɟɤɚɠɞɨɝɨɰɢɤɥɚɫɭɲɤɢ







Ʉɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɞɥɹɜɨɞɵ

ȼɨɞɚ ɢɡ ɛɟɥɶɹ ɨɬɠɚɬɚɹ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɰɢɤɥɚ

ɫɭɲɤɢ ɫɨɛɢɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪ ɧɚ ɞɜɟɪɢ

ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɉɪɢ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚ

ɡɚɝɨɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ      ɧɚ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ

ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɚɤɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪ

ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɈȻəɁȺɌȿɅɖɇɈ

ɨɩɭɫɬɨɲɢɬɶ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ

ɨɩɭɫɬɨɲɚɬɶ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪ

ɩɨɫɥɟ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɫɭɲɤɢ

ɉɊɂɆȿɑȺɇɂȿ ȼ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɰɢɤɥɨɜ ɜ

ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɧɚɛɢɪɚɟɬɫɹɨɱɟɧɶɦɚɥɨɜɨɞɵɬɚɤɤɚɤ

ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɣ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɚɪ

ɋɧɹɬɢɟɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚɞɥɹɜɨɞɵ

Ɉɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨ ɢɡɜɥɟɤɢɬɟ

ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɞɥɹɜɨɞɵɡɚɪɭɱɤɭ

Ⱥ

ɉɨɥɧɵɣɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɜɟɫɢɬ

ɨɤɨɥɨɤɝ



ɑɬɨɛɵ ɨɩɭɫɬɨɲɢɬɶ

ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɱɟɪɟɡɝɨɪɥɵɲɤɨ

ɧɚɤɥɨɧɢɬɟ

ɟɝɨȼ

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɩɭɫɬɨɣ

ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɧɚɦɟɫɬɨɤɚɤ

ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨɧɚɪɢɫɭɧɤɟɋ

ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚɜɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ

ɚɡɚɬɟɦɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨ

ɩɪɨɬɨɥɤɧɢɬɟɜɟɪɯɧɸɸɱɚɫɬɶ



ɑɬɨɛɵ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨ ɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɶ

ɰɢɤɥɧɚɠɦɢɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭ







ʿˀʰʺʫˋʤʻʰʫ͗ ʫ̛̭̣

̨̬̥́̔̭̨̨̱̭̯̦̣̖̦̦̜̌̏

̨̛̥̹̦̜̌ ̛̥̖̖̯̭́

̨̥̹̦̔̌́́̛̭̭̯̖̥̌

̶̡̛̛̛̦̣͕̌̌̌̚ ̨̨̥̙̦

̨̨̨̭̪̣̯̭̏̽̏̌̽́̚

̛̭̣̦̼̥̏̡̨̡̨̥̪̣̖̯̥̛

̨̛̱̭̯̦̯̌̏̽̨̨̪̭̯̦̦̼̜́

̛̭̣̏ ̨̼͕̏̔

̨̛̭̬̺̖̜̭̍̌̀́ ̏

̡̨̦̯̖̜̦̖̬̖͘ ˑ̨̯

̸̨̦̖̯͕̌̌̚̸̨̯

̡̨̦̯̖̜̦̖̬ ̨̣̹̖̍̽

̨̨̪̱̭̯̹̯̌̽̸̬̱̦̱̏̀̦̖

̨̦̱̙̦͘



Ⱦɜɟɪɰɚɢɮɢɥɶɬɪ



ɉɨɬɹɧɢɬɟ ɡɚ ɪɭɱɤɭ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɶ

ɞɜɟɪɶɑɬɨɛɵɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɦɚɲɢɧɭɡɚɤɪɨɣɬɟ

ɞɜɟɪɰɭɢɧɚɠɦɢɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭɋɬɚɪɬɉɚɭɡɚ

ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɉɪɢɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɟɣ

ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɟ ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧ ɢ ɞɜɟɪɰɚ ɋɂɅɖɇɈ

ɇȺȽɊȿȼȺɘɌɋə

Ɏɢɥɶɬɪ

ȼȺɀɇɈ ɉɟɪɟɞ ɤɚɠɞɵɦ ɰɢɤɥɨɦ ɫɭɲɤɢ ɞɥɹ

ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣɪɚɛɨɬɵɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɨɣ

ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɣɬɟ ɱɢɫɬɨɬɭ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ ɞɥɹ

ɭɥɚɜɥɢɜɚɧɢɹɜɨɥɨɤɨɧɢɜɨɪɫɚ



ɉɨɬɹɧɢɬɟ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ

ɧɚɜɟɪɯ

Ɉɬɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ ɤɚɤ

ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨɧɚɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ

Ɉɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨ ɭɞɚɥɢɬɟ

ɜɨɥɨɤɧɚ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ

ɦɹɝɤɨɣ ɳɟɬɤɢ ɢɥɢ

ɩɚɥɶɰɚɦɢ

ɋɨɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ ɢ

ɜɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɟɝɨɧɚɦɟɫɬɨ





ɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ

ɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɡɚɝɨɪɚɟɬɫɹɤɨɝɞɚ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ

ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶ ȿɫɥɢ ɛɟɥɶɟ ɧɟ

ɜɵɫɵɯɚɟɬɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɧɟɡɚɛɢɬɥɢɮɢɥɶɬɪ

ȿɋɅɂ ȼɕ ɆɈȿɌȿ ɎɂɅɖɌɊ ɉɈȾ

ȼɈȾɈɃ ɇȿ ɁȺȻɍȾɖɌȿ ȼɕɋɍɒɂɌɖ ȿȽɈ

ɉȿɊȿȾɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄɈɃ

ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿɉɟɪɟɞɡɚ

ɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɟɦɰɢɤɥɚɨɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɢɹɩɪɢɩɨɩɵɬɤɟ

ɨɬɤɪɵɬɶ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɛɭɞɶɬɟ ɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɵ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ

ɪɭɱɤɚ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɝɨɪɹɱɚɹ ɉɪɢ ɨɩɭɫɬɨɲɟɧɢɢ

ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚɞɥɹ ɜɨɞɵɜɨɜɪɟɦɹɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ

ɰɢɤɥɚɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɣɬɟɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɭɸɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ





Ɉɱɢɫɬɤɚɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɧɨɝɨɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ

ɋɧɢɦɢɬɟɧɢɠɧɸɸ

ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ

ɩɥɚɧɤɭ

ɉɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɞɜɚ

ɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɪɵɱɚɝɚ

ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ

ɢ ɜɵɬɚɳɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɸɸ

ɤɪɵɲɤɭ

Ɉɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨ ɢɡɜɥɟɤɢɬɟ

ɪɚɦɤɭ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ ɢ

ɭɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɵɥɶ ɫ 

ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɇɟ

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɜɨɞɭ ɞɥɹ

ɨɱɢɫɬɤɢɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ

Ɉɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɢɡɜɥɟɤɢɬɟ

ɝɭɛɤɭɢɩɪɨɦɨɣɬɟɩɨɞ

ɩɪɨɬɨɱɧɨɣɜɨɞɨɣ

ɞɥɹɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹɩɵɥɢ

ɢɥɢɜɨɪɫɚ

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ

ɩɟɪɟɞɧɸɸ ɤɪɵɲɤɭ

ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶɱɬɨ

ɨɧɚ ɜ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɦ

ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɤɚɤ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɨ

ɩɨ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɟ ɢ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ

ɱɬɨɛɵɤɪɵɲɤɚɜɫɬɚɥɚɧɚ

ɫɜɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɉɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ

ɞɜɚ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ

ɪɵɱɚɝɚ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ

ɫɬɪɟɥɤɟ

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɩɥɚɧɤɭ

ɧɚɦɟɫɬɨ











Ɉɱɢɳɚɣɬɟɮɢɥɶɬɪɵɩɟɪɟɞɤɚɠɞɵɦɰɢɤɥɨɦ

Ɉɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟɱɬɨɞɜɟɪɰɚɦɨɠɟɬ

ɨɬɤɪɵɬɶɫɹɟɫɥɢɦɚɲɢɧɚɩɟɪɟɝɪɭɠɟɧɚɢɥɢ

ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɚ ɝɪɨɦɨɡɞɤɢɦɢ ɜɟɳɚɦɢ ȼ ɷɬɨɦ

ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɡɚ

ɝɪɭɠɚɟɦɨɝɨɛɟɥɶɹ

Ⱥ ± ɉɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɑɬɨɛɵ

ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɜɪɚɳɚɣɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɜ

ɨɛɨɢɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɯ Ɉɬɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɭɸ

ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɢɥɢ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɜɪɚɳɚɣɬɟ

ɪɭɱɤɭɞɨɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ2))

% ± ɐɢɮɪɨɜɨɣ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ

ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɨɫɬɚɥɨɫɶ ɞɨ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɫɭɲɤɢ

ɨɫɬɚɜɲɟɟɫɹ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɞɨ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɫɭɲɤɢ ɫ

ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɦɫɬɚɪɬɨɦɢɞɪɭɝɢɟɨɩɨɜɟɳɟɧɢɹ

&±Ʉɧɨɩɤɢ

Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɋɬɚɪɬɉɚɭɡɚ

Ɂɚɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɭɸ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɢɥɢ

ɩɪɢɨɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɟɟ

ɋɭɩɟɪɥɟɝɤɚɹɝɥɚɠɤɚ

ɗɬɚ ɨɩɰɢɹ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɶ ɫɤɥɚɞɤɢ ɢ

ɫɩɭɬɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɛɟɥɶɹ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɦ

ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɦɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɚɜɨɜɪɟɦɹɢɩɨɫɥɟɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ

ɰɢɤɥɚɫɭɲɤɢɚɬɚɤɠɟɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɹ

ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɫɭɲɤɢ©ɩɨɞɝɥɚɠɤɭªɪɟɠɢɦɫɭɲɤɢɦɨɠɟɬ

ɛɵɬɶɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɩɨɫɥɟɜɵɛɨɪɚɞɚɧɧɨɣɨɩɰɢɢ

ɗɬɚ ɨɩɰɢɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ 

ɦɢɧɭɬɩɨɫɥɟɫɬɚɪɬɚɰɢɤɥɚɢɨɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɦɚɬɨɥɶɤɨ

ɞɥɹɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɰɢɤɥɨɜ

Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨɫɬɚɪɬɚ

ɋɥɭɠɢɬɞɥɹ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɰɢɤɥɚ ɫɭɲɤɢ ɜ

ɩɟɪɢɨɞɨɬɞɨɱɚɫɨɜɫɱɚɫɨɜɵɦɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɚɦɢ

ȼɵɛɪɚɧɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ

ɉɨɫɥɟɧɚɠɚɬɢɹɤɧɨɩɤɢɋɬɚɪɬ ɨɫɬɚɜɲɟɟɫɹɜɪɟɦɹ

ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɦɨɟ  ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɛɭɞɟɬɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɬɶɫɹ

ɱɚɫɡɚɱɚɫɨɦ

ȿɫɥɢɥɸɤ ɞɥɹɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢɛɟɥɶɹɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɥɫɹɬɨɩɪɢ

ɜɵɛɨɪɟɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨɫɬɚɪɬɚɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɶ

ɥɸɤɢɫɧɨɜɚɧɚɠɚɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭɋɬɚɪɬɈɛɪɚɬɧɵɣɨɬɫɱɟɬ

ɜɨɡɨɛɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ

Ʉɧɨɩɤɚ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɫɭɲɤɢ  ɉɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ

ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɠɟɥɚɟɦɵɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɫɭɯɨɫɬɢ ɛɟɥɶɹ ɢ

ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ  ɦɢɧɭɬ ɩɨɫɥɟ

ɫɬɚɪɬɚɰɢɤɥɚ

 ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɉɨɞ ɝɥɚɠɤɭ  ɛɟɥɶɟ ɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹ

ɫɥɟɝɤɚ ɜɥɚɠɧɵɦɢɩɪɢɝɨɞɧɵɦ ɞɥɹɝɥɚɠɟɧɢɹ

ɭɬɸɝɨɦ

 ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɇɚɜɟɲɚɥɤɭɞɥɹɜɟɳɟɣɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ

ɛɭɞɭɬɪɚɡɜɟɲɚɧɵɧɚɜɟɲɚɥɤɢ

 ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ȼ ɲɤɚɮ  ɞɥɹ ɜɟɳɟɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ

ɫɪɚɡɭɛɭɞɭɬɫɥɨɠɟɧɵɜɲɤɚɮ

 ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɋɨɜɫɟɦ ɫɭɯɨɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨ

ɫɭɯɨɝɨɛɟɥɶɹɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɚɞɥɹɩɨɥɧɨɣɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ

ɗɬɚ ɦɚɲɢɧɚ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɟɣ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ

ɫɭɲɤɨɣ ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɟɦɵɯ

ɰɢɤɥɨɜ ɩɪɢɤɚɠɞɨɦɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɨɦɭɪɨɜɧɟɫɭɲɤɢ

ɞɨ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɡɚɝɨɪɚɟɬɫɹ

ɫɜɟɬɨɜɨɣɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɭɬɨɣ

ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢɫɭɯɨɫɬɢɛɟɥɶɹȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ

ɜɫɟ ɫɜɟɬɨɞɢɨɞɧɵɟ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɵ ɬɪɢɠɞɵ ɛɵɫɬɪɨ

ɡɚɦɢɝɚɸɬ

Ʉɧɨɩɤɚ ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɪɬɚ   ɋɥɭɠɢɬ ɞɥɹ

ɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɰɢɤɥɚɫɭɲɤɢɜɩɟɪɢɨɞɨɬɞɨ

 ɱɚɫɨɜ ɫ ɱɚɫɨɜɵɦ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɚɦɢ  ȼɵɛɪɚɧɧɨɟ

ɜɪɟɦɹɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹɧɚɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɉɨɫɥɟɧɚɠɚɬɢɹ

ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɋɬɚɪɬ  ɨɫɬɚɜɲɟɟɫɹ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɦɨɟ

ɧɚɞɢɫɩɥɟɟɛɭɞɟɬɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɬɶɫɹɱɚɫɡɚɱɚɫɨɦ

ȿɫɥɢɥɸɤ ɞɥɹɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢɛɟɥɶɹɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɥɫɹɬɨɩɪɢ

ɜɵɛɨɪɟɨɬɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨɫɬɚɪɬɚɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɶ

ɥɸɤɢɫɧɨɜɚɧɚɠɚɬɶɤɧɨɩɤɭɋɬɚɪɬɈɛɪɚɬɧɵɣɨɬɫɱɟɬ

ɜɨɡɨɛɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ

0HPRU\ɉɚɦɹɬɶ

ɗɬɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬ ɜɚɦ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ

ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɟɞɥɹɰɢɤɥɚ

ɏɊȺɇȿɇɂȿ ȼɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ

0HPRU\ɉɚɦɹɬɶ ɢɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɟɤ

ɋɜɟɬɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ³0HPRU\´ ɬɪɢɠɞɵ ɡɚɦɢɝɚɟɬ

ɱɬɨ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɢɬ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɵɟ ɤ ɞɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɰɢɤɥɭ

ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ

Ɉɬɦɟɧɚ ɉɨɫɥɟ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟɧɚ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ

0HPRU\ɉɚɦɹɬɶ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɬɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɧɵɟ

ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢɧɨɧɟɰɢɤɥ

 ȼɵɛɨɪɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɫɭɲɤɢ  ɋɩɭɫɬɹ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ 

ɦɢɧɭɬɫɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶɰɢɤɥɫ

ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ  ɇɚɠɢɦɚɹ

ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɦɢɧɭɬɧɵɦɢ

ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɚɦɢ ɑɬɨɛɵɫɛɪɨɫɢɬɶɷɬɢɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢɨɛɪɚɬɧɨ

ɞɨɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɭɸ

ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɧɟɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɜɫɟɫɜɟɬɨɞɢɨɞɧɵɟ

ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɵɬɪɢɠɞɵɛɵɫɬɪɨɡɚɦɢɝɚɸɬ

Ʉɧɨɩɤɚ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɢ   ɗɬɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ

ɡɚɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɟɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ

ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɫɭɲɤɢȺɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɹȾɟɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɹ

ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɤɧɨɩɤɢɢɢɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ

ɢɯ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ  ɫɟɤɭɧɞ Ɂɧɚɤ /2& ɩɨɹɜɢɬɫɹ ɧɚ

ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɉɪɢ ɪɚɡɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɟ ɧɚ ɷɤɪɚɧɟ ɨɞɢɧ ɪɚɡ

ɩɨɹɜɢɬɫɹ ɡɧɚɤ 81/ ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɥɸɤɚ ɞɥɹ

ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɛɟɥɶɹ ɩɪɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ

ɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɰɢɤɥ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɧɨ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɚ

ɫɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɫɹȾɥɹɜɨɡɨɛɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɰɢɤɥɚɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ

ɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɭɢɡɚɧɨɜɨɧɚɠɚɬɶɋɬɚɪɬɉɪɢ

ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ

ɨɬɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ

Ȼɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɚɦɨɠɟɬɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶɫɹɜɥɸɛɨɟɜɪɟɦɹ

ɰɢɤɥɚ



ɉɚɧɟɥɶɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɢ

ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɵ







(

















ʦ̬̖̥́̨̔̸̨̡̨̛̦̦̌́

̡̛̭̱̹

ʦ̬̖̥́̨̔̸̨̡̨̛̦̦̌́

̡̛̭̱̹

ɂɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɩɨɜɵɛɨɪɭɰɢɤɥɚɫɭɲɤɢ

ɋɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɣɰɢɤɥɋɭɲɤɚɯɥɨɩɤɚ&27721'5<

ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟɷɧɟɪɝɨɡɚɬɪɚɬɧɵɦɢɥɭɱɲɟɜɫɟɝɨ

ɩɨɞɯɨɞɢɬɞɥɹɫɭɲɤɢɨɛɵɱɧɨɝɨɜɥɚɠɧɨɝɨɯɥɨɩɤɨɜɨɝɨ

ɛɟɥɶɹɌɚɛɥɢɰɚɧɚɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɣɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɟɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ

ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟɜɪɟɦɹɢɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟɷɧɟɪɝɢɢɞɥɹ

ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɫɭɲɤɢ

(Qɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɟɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ

ɋɭɲɤɚɯɥɨɩɤɚ

ɏɥɨɩɨɤɢɥɢ

ɏɥɨɩɨɤɢɥɢɛɟɥɵɟɜɟɳɢ

Ⱦɟɥɢɤɚɬɧɵɟɬɤɚɧɢɢɥɢɫɢɧɬɟɬɢɤɚ

ɏɥɨɩɨɤɫɭɲɤɚɧɚɜɟɲɚɥɤɭ

Ɍɤɚɧɢɧɟɬɪɟɛɭɸɳɢɟɨɫɨɛɨɝɨɭɯɨɞɚ





Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ

ɡɚɹɜɥɟɧɧɵɣɨɛɴɟɦ

Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɭɦɤɝ

Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣɜɟɫɛɟɥɶɹɞɥɹɫɭɲɤɢ

ɏɥɨɩɨɤ

ɋɢɧɬɟɬɢɤɚɢɥɢ

ɞɟɥɢɤɚɬɧɵɟɬɤɚɧɢ

Ɋɟɚɥɶɧɨɟɜɪɟɦɹɰɢɤɥɚɫɭɲɤɢɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ

ɨɬɢɡɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɭɪɨɜɧɹɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɢɛɟɥɶɹ

ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɬɢɩɚ ɢ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ

ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢɱɢɫɬɨɬɵɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɢɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ

ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣɫɪɟɞɵ

ɇɚɱɚɥɨɪɚɛɨɬɵ

     ˋ̨̯̼̍ ̸̨̛̭̯̔̽ ̵̙̖̣̖̥̼̌ ̨̬̖̱̣̯̯̽̌̏̚ ̡̛̭̱̹͕ ̦̖

̨̡̯̬̼̜̯̖̏̌̶̖̬̱̔̏̛̥̹̦̼̌̨̏̬̖̥̏́̸̵̨̡̛̛̯̥̯̖̭̌̏̌

̨̪̬̬̥̥̐̌͘

'/HGɋɜɟɬɨɜɵɟɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɵ

Ʉɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɞɥɹɜɨɞɵ

ɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɡɚɝɨɪɚɟɬɫɹɤɨɝɞɚɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɨɩɭɫɬɨɲɢɬɶ

ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɞɥɹɫɛɨɪɚɜɨɞɵ

Ɉɱɢɫɬɤɚɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɡɚɝɨɪɚɟɬɫɹ

ɤɨɝɞɚɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɩɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪɵɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɟɫɹɜ

ɞɜɟɪɰɟɢɜɧɢɠɧɟɣɱɚɫɬɢɦɚɲɢɧɵ

Ɉɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɡɚɝɨɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɝɞɚ

ɧɚɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɮɢɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɬɚɞɢɹ ɨɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɢɹ Ɂɨɧɚ (

60$57728&+±ɧɚɠɢɦɚɹɤɧɨɩɤɭɋɬɚɪɬɉɚɭɡɚɦɨɠɧɨ

ɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɢɣ ɡɚɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɰɢɤɥ

ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɹ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ

ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ 7RXFK ɞɥɹ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɱɟɪɟɡ

ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɦɨɬɪɢɬɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɪɚɡɞɟɥ

ɞɚɧɧɨɣɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ

ɐɢɤɥɫɭɲɤɢɲɟɪɫɬɢɦɚɲɢɧɵ

ɨɞɨɛɪɟɧɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɟɣ:RROPDUNɞɥɹ

ɫɭɲɤɢɢɡɞɟɥɢɣɢɡɲɟɪɫɬɢɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ

ɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢɪɚɬɶɜɫɬɢɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ

ɦɚɲɢɧɟɩɪɢɭɫɥɨɜɢɢɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹ

ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣɫɬɢɪɤɢɢɫɭɲɤɢɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ

ɧɚɹɪɥɵɤɟɢɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ

ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹɦɚɲɢɧɵ

0ȼȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɢ

ɂɪɥɚɧɞɢɢȽɨɧɤɨɧɝɟɢɂɧɞɢɢɬɨɪɝɨɜɚɹɦɚɪɤɚ:RROPDUN

ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɬɨɪɝɨɜɨɣɦɚɪɤɨɣ

ʽ̸̛̺̜̯̖̌̴̛̣̯̬̼̽̪̖̬̖̔̡̙̼̥̌̔̶̡̨̛̣̥

ɉɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟɷɧɟɪɝɢɢɜ ɜ ɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɨɦɫɨɫɬ ɨɹɧɢɢ

ȼɬ

ɉɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟɷɧɟɪɝɢɢɜ ɨɜ ɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɨɦɫɨɫɬ ɨɹɧɢɢ

ȼɬ

Ɉɬɤɪɨɣɬɟɞɜɟɪɶɢɡɚɝɪɭɡɢɬɟɛɟɥɶɟɜ

ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧ ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɱɬɨ ɛɟɥɶɟ ɧɟ

ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɢɸ ɞɜɟɪɰɵ

ɦɚɲɢɧɵ

Ⱥɤɤɭɪɚɬɧɨ ɡɚɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ

ɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨ ɧɚɠɢɦɚɹ ɧɚ ɧɟɟ ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟ

ɭɫɥɵɲɢɬɟ ɳɟɥɱɨɤ ɡɚɤɪɵɜɲɟɣɫɹ

ɞɜɟɪɰɵ

ȼɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ

ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɹ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ

ɜɪɚɳɚɹ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟ ɩɨɹɜɢɬɫɹ

ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚɹɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɫɦɨɬɪɢɬɟɝɢɞ

ɩɨɜɵɛɨɪɭɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ

ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ    ɋɭɲɢɥɶɧɚɹ

ɦɚɲɢɧɚ ɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɫɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɚ

ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɧɚɞ ɤɧɨɩɤɨɣ ɛɭɞɟɬ

ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨɪɟɬɶ

ȿɫɥɢ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɞɜɟɪɶ

ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɥɚɫɶɞɥɹɬɨɝɨɱɬɨɛɵɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶ

ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɛɟɥɶɹ ɬɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ

ɜɨɡɨɛɧɨɜɢɬɶɫɭɲɤɭɧɚɠɚɬɢɟɦɤɧɨɩɤɢ 

ɩɨɫɥɟɡɚɤɪɵɬɢɹɞɜɟɪɰɵ

Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɰɢɤɥ ɫɭɲɤɢ ɛɥɢɡɨɤ ɤ

ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɸɦɚɲɢɧɚɜɫɬɭɩɚɟɬɜɮɚɡɭ

ɨɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɢɹȻɟɥɶɟɛɭɞɟɬɜɪɚɳɚɬɶɫɹɜ

ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɦɜɨɡɞɭɯɟɢɨɫɬɵɜɚɬɶ

ȼɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɹ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɫɭɲɤɢ

ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɛɭɞɟɜɪɚɳɚɬɶɫɹ

ɩɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɦɢɧɢɦɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ

ɫɦɢɧɚɧɢɟɛɟɥɶɹɗɬɨɛɭɞɟɬ

ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬɶɞɨɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ ɩɨɤɚ ɦɚɲɢɧɚ

ɧɟ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɫɹ ɢɥɢ ɞɜɟɪɰɚ ɧɟ ɛɭɞɟɬ

ɨɬɤɪɵɬɚ

Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ

ɡɚɜɟɪɲɢɬɫɹ ɡɚɝɨɪɢɬɫɹ ɫɜɟɬɨɜɨɣ

ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ(1'

Ɍɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ

ȼɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɚ

Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ

ȼɵɫɨɬɚ

ɒɢɪɢɧɚ

Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɚ

Ʉɥɚɫɫ

ɷɧɟɪɝɨɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ

ɥɢɬɪɨɜ

ɋɦɧɚɤɥɟɣɤɭɨɛ

ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ

ɫɦ

ɫɦ

ɋɦɧɚɤɥɟɣɤɭɨɛ

ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ

ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɞɥɹɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɢ

 ˃̨̡̨̣̽ ̣̔́ ̵̛̭̱̹̣̦̼̽ ̛̥̹̦̌ ̭ ̡̨̬̱̜̌̐̚̚

ϭϬ̡̐͗ ̨̨̛̛̪̭̖̦̯̖̔̔ ̨̛̭̣̦̜̏ ̹̣̦̌̐ ̣̔́

̨̨̛̭̭̯̦̣̖̦̏̌̏́̶̡̨̛̛̦̖̦̭̔̌̨̼̏̔̨̨̭̣̭̦̐̌̪͘Ϯ

̨̦̦̜̔̌̶̡̛̛̛̦̭̯̬̱͘

ʤ̸̨̡̛̯̥̯̖̭̏̌̌́ ̛̺̯̌̌̚ ̨̯ ̛̛̭̥̦̦̌́ ˑ̯̌ ̴̶̡̛̱̦́

̸̨̡̛̛̯̥̯̖̭̌̏̌ ̡̛̛̯̬̱̖̯̌̏   ̛̬̺̖̦̏̌́ ̬̦̍̌̌̍̌̌

̨̨̭̼̥̍ ̨̨̬̥̍̌̚̣̔́ ̛̱̥̖̦̹̖̦̽́̛̛̭̥̦̦̌́ ̖̣̍̽́̏

̸̭̣̱̖̌ ̨̨̛̪̬̖̬̯̖̣̦̔̏̌̽̐ ̶̡̛̣̌ ̛̪̬ ̨̨̛̛̛̭̪̣̦̽̏̌̚

̨̨̨̨̯̣̙̖̦̦̐̭̯̬̯̌̌̛̏̶̡̨̦̖̶̡̛̣̌̡̛̭̱̹̦̌ϲ̸̨̭̌̏͘

ʿ̨̬̬̥̥̐̌̌ ̡̛̛̯̬̱̖̯̭̌̏́ ̡̙̼̖̌̔ ϭϬ ̛̥̦̱̯ ͘ʪ̣́

̸̨̡̨̛̦̦̌́ ̛̬̺̖̦̏̌́ ̬̦̍̌̌̍̌̌ ̨̛̱̭̯̦̯̖̌̏

̸̡̪̖̬̖̣̯̖̣̀̌̽̦̌̨̨̛̪̣̙̖̦̖K&&͘

ˇ̶̡̛̱̦́̨̪̣̖̦̚

̌̏̸̭̣̱̖̌̛͕̖̭̣̦̖̯̨̨̨̛̥̙̦̭̯̏̚̭̬̱̌̚

̨̭̯̯̔̌̽̖̣̖̍̽͘



ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ

Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ

ȼɪɟɦɹ

ɫɭɲɤɢ

ɦɢɧ

ȼɦɟɫɬɢɦ

ɨɫɬɶɤɝ





ɉɨɞɯɨɞɢɬɞɥɹɫɭɲɤɢɯɥɨɩɤɚɮɢɛɪɵɢɩɨɥɨɬɟɧɟɰ

ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ (FR QRUPDWLYH ɫɭɲɤɚ ɧɚ ɜɟɲɚɥɤɭ ɇɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ

ɷɧɟɪɝɨɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɚɹɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɉɨɞɯɨɞɢɬɞɥɹɯɥɨɩɤɨɜɵɯɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ

Ⱦɥɹɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣɫɭɲɤɢɪɚɡɧɵɯɬɤɚɧɟɣɬɚɤɢɯɤɚɤɯɥɨɩɨɤɥɟɧ

ɫɦɟɫɨɜɵɟɢɫɢɧɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɬɤɚɧɢ

ɐɢɤɥ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɞɥɢɬɫɹ ɜɫɟɝɨ  ɦɢɧɭɬ ɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬ ɫɦɢɧɚɧɢɟ ɢ

ɫɤɥɚɞɤɢ

ɂɞɟɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɢɬ ɞɥɹ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɩɪɢɹɬɧɵɯ ɡɚɩɚɯɨɜ ɢ

ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹɫɤɥɚɞɨɤ

ɗɬɨɬɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɵɣɰɢɤɥɫɨɡɞɚɧɞɥɹɫɭɲɤɢɪɭɛɚɲɟɤɫɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ

ɫɤɥɚɞɨɤ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɦ ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɚ  Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ

ɞɨɫɬɚɬɶ ɛɟɥɶɟ ɫɪɚɡɭ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ ɰɢɤɥɚ

Ⱦɥɹɫɭɲɤɢɞɟɥɢɤɚɬɧɵɯɢɫɢɧɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɬɤɚɧɟɣɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦ

ɨɫɨɛɵɣɳɚɞɹɳɢɣɪɟɠɢɦ

Ɋɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɚɞɥɹɫɭɲɤɢɮɨɪɦɟɧɧɨɣɨɞɟɠɞɵɢɡɬɚɤɢɯɬɤɚɧɟɣɤɚɤɞɠɢɧɫɢɥɢ

ɞɟɧɢɦɉɟɪɟɞɫɭɲɤɨɣɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɜɵɜɟɪɧɭɬɶɨɞɟɠɞɭɧɚɢɡɧɚɧɤɭ

Ɋɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɨɞɟɠɞɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚ ɞɟɥɢɤɚɬɧɚɹ

ɫɭɲɤɚ ɜɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɤɥɚɞɨɤ ɢ ɢɡɧɚɲɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɷɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɵɯ

ɜɨɥɨɤɨɧ

ɒɟɪɫɬɹɧɚɹ ɨɞɟɠɞɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɞɥɹ

ɫɭɲɤɢɛɟɥɶɹɞɨɤɝɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨɬɪɢɞɠɟɦɩɟɪɚɉɟɪɟɞɫɭɲɤɨɣɨɞɟɠɞɭ

ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɜɟɪɧɭɬɶ ȼɪɟɦɹ ɫɭɲɤɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɜ

ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɦɢɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣɛɟɥɶɹɢɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶɸɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ

ȼɤɨɧɰɟɰɢɤɥɚɛɟɥɶɟɝɨɬɨɜɨɤɧɨɫɤɟɧɨɟɫɥɢɨɧɨɬɹɠɟɥɨɟɤɪɚɹɦɨɝɭɬ

ɨɫɬɚɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɥɚɠɧɵɦɢ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɚɬɶ ɢɦ ɜɵɫɨɯɧɭɬɶ

ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦɈɞɟɠɞɭɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɜɵɝɪɭɠɚɬɶɜɫɚɦɨɦ

ɤɨɧɰɟ ɰɢɤɥɚ ȼɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɫɤɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɲɟɪɫɬɢ ɧɨɫɢɬ ɧɟɨɛɪɚɬɢɦɵɣ

ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɫɭɲɢɬɶ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɬɭ ɨɞɟɠɞɭ ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ

ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɨɞɟɠɞɵ ɢɡ ɚɤɪɢɥɚ

ɋɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɤɨɬɨɪɚɹɫɭɲɢɬɢɜɬɨɠɟɜɪɟɦɹɩɨɦɨɝɚɟɬ

ɫɨɤɪɚɬɢɬɶ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɚɥɥɟɪɝɟɧɨɜ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɤɚɤ ɛɵɬɨɜɵɟ ɤɥɟɳɢ ɲɟɪɫɬɶ

ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯɩɵɥɶɰɚɢɨɫɬɚɬɤɢɫɬɢɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɩɨɪɨɲɤɚ

ɇɚɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɟɦɚɹɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɤɨɬɨɪɚɹɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬɱɟɪɟɡɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɜɚɲɟɝɨɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɚɧɚɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦɟ

$QGURLG ɢ ɡɚɝɪɭɠɚɟɬ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɫɦ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɚɡɞɟɥ ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ

ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɭɸɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭȺɜɬɨ±Ƚɢɝɢɟɧɚɤɨɬɨɪɚɹɞɟɡɢɧɮɢɰɢɪɭɟɬɦɚɲɢɧɭ

ɉɨɥɧɚɹ

Ɋɟɚɥɶɧɨɟɜɪɟɦɹɰɢɤɥɚɫɭɲɤɢɡɚɜɢɫɢɬɨɬɢɡɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɭɪɨɜɧɹɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɢɛɟɥɶɹɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɬɢɩɚɢ

ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢɱɢɫɬɨɬɵɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɢɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣɫɪɟɞɵ

Ⱦɟɥɢɤɚɬɧɵɣ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɰɢɤɥ ɞɥɹ ɫɭɲɤɢ ɬɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɰɜɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɯɥɨɩɤɚ ɢɥɢ

ɫɢɧɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɬɤɚɧɟɣ



ȼɵɛɨɪɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵɢɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ



ɂɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɩɨɞɯɨɞɢɬɞɥɹɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɣɫɭɲɤɢɩɭɯɨɜɵɯɢɫɬɟɝɚɧɵɯ ɨɞɟɹɥ

ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɹɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɫɬɶɩɭɯɚ

ɋɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣɰɢɤɥɞɥɹɫɭɲɤɢɛɨɥɶɲɢɯɥɶɧɹɧɵɯɢɡɞɟɥɢɣɬɚɤɢɯɤɚɤɲɬɨɪɵ

ɩɪɨɫɬɵɧɢɫɤɚɬɟɪɬɢ Ȼɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹɨɫɨɛɵɦ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɦ  ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɚɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ

ɫɭɲɚɬɫɹɫɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɫɤɥɚɞɨɤ



















¶

¶



ʥ̖̣̼̜̵̨̨̡̣̪

ˑ̡̨Ͳ̵̨̨̡̣̪

ˉ̖̯̦̼̖̏̡̛̯̦̌

ˁ̡̛̛̦̯̖̯̌

ˀ̡̛̱̹̍̌

ʺ̵̨̬̼̖̌̏

̶̨̨̪̣̯̖̦̌

ʪ̛̙̦̭̼

ʿ̵̨̱̼̖̏̨̖̣̔́̌

ˁ̨̪̬̯

ˌ̖̬̭̯̽

ʿ̨̛̬̯̏

̛̛̣̣̖̬̌̐

ʥ̖̚̡̨̡̭̣̌̔

ʽ̛̭̖̙̯̏̽





60$57728&+

ɗɬɚɦɚɲɢɧɚɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɚɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ6PDUW7RXFK

ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɬɶɫɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ

ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɫɜɚɲɟɝɨɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɚɧɚɛɚɡɟ$QGURLGɢ

ɚɬɚɤɠɟɮɭɧɤɰɢɟɣ1)&1HDUILHOG&RPPXQLFDWLRQ

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɧɚɜɚɲɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ&DQG\

VLPSO\)L

ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ&DQG\VLPSO\)Lɩɨɞɯɨɞɢɬɤɚɤ

ɞɥɹɩɥɚɧɲɟɬɨɜɬɚɤɢɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɨɜɧɚɛɚɡɟ

$QGURLG ɢ L26 Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɜɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ

ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɦɚɲɢɧɨɣ ɢ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ

ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ  6PDUW

7RXFK ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɨ ɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɨɜ ɧɚ ɛɚɡɟ

$QGURLG VPDUWSKRQHV ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɧɵɦɢ

ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ 1)& ɢɫɯɨɞɹ ɢɡ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɵ

ɧɢɠɟ

ɋɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɧɚɛɚɡɟ

$QGURLGɫɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ1)&

ȼɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɫ

ɦɚɲɢɧɨɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɧɨɟ

ɧɚɩɨɥɟɧɟɧɢɟ

ɋɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɧɚɛɚɡɟ

$QGURLGɛɟɡɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ

1)&

Ɍɨɥɶɤɨɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ

ɧɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ

ɉɥɚɧɲɟɬɧɚɛɚɡɟ$QGURLG

$SSOHL3KRQH

$SSOHL3DG

Ɍɨɥɶɤɨɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ

ɧɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ

Ɍɨɥɶɤɨɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ

ɧɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ

Ɍɨɥɶɤɨɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ

ɧɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ

Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɢ

Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟɮɭɧɤɰɢɢɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ

xȽɨɥɨɫɨɜɨɣ ɚɫɫɢɫɬɟɧɬ ɍɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɥɨɫɨɦ  

ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɣɰɢɤɥɜɫɟɡɚɬɪɢ

ɝɨɥɨɫɨɜɵɯ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɨɞɟɠɞɚɬɤɚɧɢ ɰɜɟɬ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ

ɫɭɯɨɫɬɢɛɟɥɶɹ

xɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ± ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɡɚɝɪɭɠɚɬɶ ɢ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɬɶ

ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵɫɭɲɤɢ

ɉɨɥɭɱɢɬɟɜɫɟɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨɫɬɢɨɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ

6PDUW7RXFKɡɚɝɪɭɡɢɜɞɟɦɨɜɟɪɫɢɸ

ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɢɥɢɩɪɨɣɞɢɬɟɩɨɫɫɵɥɤɟ

ZZZFDQG\VPDUWWRXFKFRP

ɄȺɄɂɋɉɈɅɖɁɈȼȺɌɖ60$57728&+

ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɜɩɟɪɜɵɣɪɚɡ±Ɋɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɹ

ȼ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɚ ɢ

ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ  $QGURLG ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ

ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ 1)& ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɬɶɫɹ

Ɉɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɤ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɚɦ

ɜɚɲɟɝɨɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɚ

ɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɟ ɧɚ ɛɚɡɟ $QGURLG ɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɭɣɬɟ

ɛɟɫɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɵɟɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹª

Ⴠɉɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɞɨ

ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ6PDUW7RXFKɱɬɨɛɵɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɟɧɫɨɪ

ɧɚɩɚɧɟɥɢɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ

Ⴠ Ɉɬɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɡɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɶ

ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹɢɡɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɭɣɬɟɦɚɲɢɧɭɫɥɟɞɭɹ

ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦ ɧɚ ɷɤɪɚɧɟ ɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɚ ɢɥɢ

ɂɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɛɵɫɬɪɵɦ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɚɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ

ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹɤɦɚɲɢɧɟ

Ȼɨɥɶɲɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɡɚɞɚɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɢ

ɜɢɞɟɨɞɥɹɛɵɫɬɪɨɣɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɢɩɨɫɫɵɥɤɟ

ZZZFDQG\VPDUWWRXFKFRPKRZWR

xɍɦɧɵɣ ɭɯɨɞ ± 6PDUW FKHFNXS ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ

ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɟɪɚɛɨɬɵɦɚɲɢɧɵɢɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɸɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ

xɆɨɹɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɚɞɚɧɧɵɟɩɨɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɦɫɭɲɤɢ

ɢ ɫɨɜɟɬɵ ɩɨ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸɜɚɲɟɣɦɚɲɢɧɵ



ɦɚɲɢɧɵ





ɉɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɟɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɧɚ

ɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɨɣɨɫɧɨɜɟ

x Ʉɚɠɞɵɣ ɪɚɡ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɜɵ ɯɨɬɢɬɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɬɶ

ɦɚɲɢɧɨɣ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ

ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɞɨɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ6PDUW

7RXFK

xɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶɱɬɨɜɵɪɚɡɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɚɥɢɫɜɨɣɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɢ

ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɥɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ 1)& ɡɚɬɟɦ ɫɥɟɞɭɣɬɟ

ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɦɜɵɲɟ

x ȿɫɥɢ ɜɵ ɯɨɬɢɬɟ ɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɶ ɰɢɤɥ ɫɭɲɤɢ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɢɬɟ

ɛɟɥɶɟɢɡɚɤɪɨɣɬɟɞɜɟɪɰɭɦɚɲɢɧɵ

x ȼɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɠɟɥɚɟɦɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɜ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ

ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɡɚɩɭɫɤɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵɰɢɤɥ6PDUWFKHFNXSɩɨ

ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɢ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɨɛɧɨɜɢɬɶ

ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɭɢɬɞ

x ɋɥɟɞɭɹ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦ ɧɚ ɷɤɪɚɧɟ  ɉɊɂɅɈɀɂɌȿ

ɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧ ɤ ɥɨɝɨɬɢɩɭ 6PDUW 7RXFK ɧɚ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ

ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɷɬɨ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɡɚɩɪɨɲɟɧɨ ɜ

ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ

ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ

Ɋɚɡɦɟɫɬɢɬɟ ɜɚɲ ɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧ ɬɚɤ ɱɬɨɛɵ 1)&

ɚɧɬɟɧɧɚɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɚɹɫɹɧɚɟɝɨɡɚɞɧɟɣɩɚɧɟɥɢ

ɫɨɜɩɚɥɚɫɥɨɝɨɬɢɩɨɦ6PDUW7RXFKɧɚɩɪɢɛɨɪɟ

ɤɚɤɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨɧɚɪɢɫɭɧɤɟɧɢɠɟ

ȿɫɥɢɜɵɧɟɡɧɚɟɬɟɝɞɟɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɚɚɧɬɟɧɧɚ1)&

ɩɥɚɜɧɨɩɟɪɟɞɜɢɝɚɣɬɟɫɦɚɪɮɬɨɧɜɨɤɪɭɝɥɨɝɨɬɢɩɚ

6PDUW 7RXFK ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɫ

ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɦ Ⱦɥɹ ɬɨɝɨɱɬɨɛɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɭɫɩɟɲɧɨ

ɩɟɪɟɧɟɫɥɢɫɶɨɱɟɧɶɜɚɠɧɨȾȿɊɀȺɌɖɋɆȺɊɌɎɈɇ

ɇȺ ɉȺɇȿɅɂ ɍɉɊȺȼɅȿɇɂə ɗɌɂ ɇȿɋɄɈɅɖɄɈ

ɋȿɄɍɇȾ ɉɈɄȺ ɉȿɊȿɇɈɋəɌɋə ȾȺɇɇɕȿ

ɋɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɟ ɨɩɨɜɟɫɬɢɬ ɨ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ

ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɲɥɨ ɭɫɩɟɲɧɨ ɢ ɫɨɨɛɳɢɬ ɤɨɝɞɚ

ɦɨɠɧɨɭɛɢɪɚɬɶɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɫɥɨɝɨɬɢɩɚ

ɉɥɨɬɧɵɣɱɟɯɨɥɢɥɢɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɧɚɤɥɟɣɤɢ

ɧɚ ɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɥɢɹɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɦɟɲɚɬɶ

ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɟɥɟɮɨɧɨɦ ɢ

ɦɚɲɢɧɨɣɍɞɚɥɢɬɟɢɯɩɪɢɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ

Ɂɚɦɟɧɚ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɚ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ

ɡɚɞɧɹɹ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɹ ɢ ɬɞ ɧɚ ɧɟɨɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ

ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɩɨɬɟɪɟ ɚɧɬɟɧɧɵ 1)& ɢ

ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢɪɚɛɨɬɵɫɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɦ

ɍɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɞ ɦɚɲɢɧɨɣ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ

ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢ

ɇɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɧɨ

ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɢɡɞɪɭɝɨɣɤɨɦɧɚɬɵɢɥɢɫɧɚɪɭɠɢɞɨɦɚ

ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵɛɟɫɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɣɫɟɬɢ

ɋɬɚɧɞɚɪɬ

ɛɟɫɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɣɫɟɬɢ

,62,(&7\SH$DQG1)&)RUXP7\SH

Ⱦɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɱɚɫɬɨɬ

Ɉɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɟ

ɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɝɨɩɨɥɹ

0+]ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ0+]

G%ȝ$Pɧɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ

ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ

ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ



ȼɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ &DQG\ +RRYHU *URXS 6UO

ɡɚɹɜɥɹɟɬɱɬɨɞɚɧɧɵɣɩɪɢɛɨɪɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɚɧ

ɡɧɚɤɨɦ         

ɂ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ

ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɵ (8 Ⱦɥɹ

ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɩɢɢ ɞɟɤɥɚɪɚɰɢɢ ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ

ɩɨɠɚɥɭɣɫɬɚɫɜɹɠɢɬɟɫɶɫ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɦ 

ZZZFDQG\JURXSFRP









ɍɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɟɣ



ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɚɹɩɪɢɱɢɧɚ

Ⱦɟɮɟɤɬɵɭɫɬɪɚɧɹɟɦɵɟɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ

ɉɟɪɟɞɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɟɦɜɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɭɸɫɥɭɠɛɭ

ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɣɫɩɢɫɨɤɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɟɣ

ɉɪɢɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟɢɥɢ

ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢɦɚɲɢɧɵɢɥɢɜɫɥɭɱɚɟɟɟ

ɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɣɪɚɛɨɬɵɡɚɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɟɜɡɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ

ɩɥɚɬɚ

ȿɫɥɢɩɨɫɥɟɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɶɧɟ

ɭɫɬɪɚɧɹɟɬɫɹɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶɜɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɭɸɫɥɭɠɛɭ±

ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɜɚɦɩɨɦɨɝɭɬɭɫɬɪɚɧɢɬɶɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɶɩɨ

ɬɟɥɟɮɨɧɭ

ɇɚɷɤɪɚɧɟɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹɜɪɟɦɹɞɨ

ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹɰɢɤɥɚɨɧɨɦɨɠɟɬɦɟɧɹɬɶɫɹɧɚ

ɩɪɨɬɹɠɟɧɢɢɰɢɤɥɚȼɪɟɦɹɞɨɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ

ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɟɬɫɹɜɨɜɪɟɦɹ

ɫɭɲɤɢɨɧɨɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɬɫɹɞɥɹɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ

ɥɭɱɲɟɝɨɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɈɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɦɨɟ

ɜɪɟɦɹɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹɢɥɢɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ

ɢɷɬɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɵɦɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟɦ

ȼɪɟɦɹɫɭɲɤɢɫɥɢɲɤɨɦɛɨɥɶɲɨɟɛɟɥɶɟ

ɩɪɨɫɭɲɢɜɚɟɬɫɹɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ«

Ⴠɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɜɵɛɨɪɚɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ

ɫɭɲɤɢɢɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ

Ⴠɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɧɟɫɥɢɲɤɨɦɥɢɦɨɤɪɨɟɛɟɥɶɟ

Ⱦɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɥɢɨɬɠɚɬɨɛɟɥɶɟɩɟɪɟɞɫɭɲɤɨɣ

Ⴠɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɧɟɧɭɠɧɨɥɢɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɮɢɥɶɬɪ

Ⴠɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɧɟɩɟɪɟɝɪɭɠɟɧɚɥɢɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɚɹ

ɦɚɲɢɧɚ

Ɇɚɲɢɧɚɧɟɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ

Ⴠɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɩɨɞɚɱɭɷɥɟɤɪɢɱɟɫɬɜɚɧɚɦɚɲɢɧɭ

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɧɚɥɢɱɢɟɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹɜɪɨɡɟɬɤɟ

Ⴠɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɧɚɫɬɨɥɶɧɭɸɥɚɦɩɭ

Ⴠɉɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɥɢɜɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚɜɢɥɤɚɜɪɨɡɟɬɤɭ

Ⴠɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɧɟɬɥɢɩɟɪɟɛɨɟɜɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ

Ⴠɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɧɟɫɝɨɪɟɥɥɢɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶ

Ⴠɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸɥɢɡɚɤɪɵɬɚɞɜɟɪɰɚ

Ⴠɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɚɥɢɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɚɹ

ɦɚɲɢɧɚɜɫɟɬɶɚɬɚɤɠɟɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɚɥɢɨɧɚɫɚɦɚ

Ⴠɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɜɵɛɪɚɧɨɥɢɜɪɟɦɹɧɚɦɚɲɢɧɟɢ

ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ

Ⴠɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɚɥɢɦɚɲɢɧɚɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨ

ɩɨɫɥɟɨɬɤɪɵɬɢɹɞɜɟɪɰɵ

Ɇɚɲɢɧɚɫɢɥɶɧɨɲɭɦɢɬ«

ჀɈɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɭɸɦɚɲɢɧɭɢ

ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶɜɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɭɸɫɥɭɠɛɭ

Ƚɨɪɢɬɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ

Ɣ ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɧɟɡɚɫɨɪɟɧɥɢɮɢɥɶɬɪ

Ƚɨɪɢɬɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ

Ɣ ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɧɟɧɭɠɧɨɥɢɨɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɬɶɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪ

ɞɥɹɜɨɞɵ

ɋȿɊȼɂɋɇɈȿɈȻɋɅɍɀɂȼȺɇɂȿ

ȿɫɥɢɩɨɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɯɩɪɨɜɟɪɨɤ

ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɶɨɫɬɚɥɚɫɶɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶɜ

ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɧɭɸɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɭɸɫɥɭɠɛɭɈɧɢɦɨɝɭɬ

ɩɨɦɨɱɶɜɚɦɩɨɬɟɥɟɮɨɧɭɢɥɢɧɚɡɧɚɱɢɬɶɭɞɨɛɧɨɟ

ɜɪɟɦɹɞɥɹɩɪɢɯɨɞɚɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɚɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ

ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɧɨɝɨɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹɈɞɧɚɤɨ

ɜɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯɧɢɠɟɫɥɭɱɚɹɯɦɨɠɟɬɜɡɵɦɚɬɶɫɹ

ɩɥɚɬɚ

xɆɚɲɢɧɚɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɜɪɚɛɨɱɟɦɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ

xɆɚɲɢɧɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɧɟ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ

ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɟɣ

xɆɚɲɢɧɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɧɟɩɨɞɨɛɚɸɳɢɦ

ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ

Ɂɚɩɚɫɧɵɟɱɚɫɬɢ

ɋɟɪɜɢɫ

ȼɫɟɝɞɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ

ɡɚɩɚɫɧɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɣ

ɫɥɭɠɛɟ

Ⱦɥɹ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɚ

ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶɤɦɟɫɬɧɨɦɭɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɦɭɰɟɧɬɪɭ

ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɟɧɟɫɟɬɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ

ɡɚɨɲɢɛɤɢɩɟɱɚɬɢɜɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɣɛɪɨɲɸɪɟ

Ʉɪɨɦɟɬɨɝɨɨɧɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɡɚɫɨɛɨɣɩɪɚɜɨ

ɜɧɨɫɢɬɶɜ

ɫɜɨɢɢɡɞɟɥɢɹɥɸɛɵɟɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ

ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɨɧɫɨɱɬɟɬɩɨɥɟɡɧɵɦɢɛɟɡ

ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɯɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ

ȾɅəɆɈȾȿɅȿɃɋɎɍɇɄɐɂȿɃ60$57728&+

ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ&DQG\6LPSO\)LȾɥɹɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ&DQG\VLPSO\)L$33ɜɚɦɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɧɚɛɚɡɟ

$QGURLGVPDUWSKRQHɫɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ1)&

Ȼɨɥɟɟɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɭɸɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸɦɨɠɧɨɧɚɣɬɢɜɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ

ȿɫɥɢɧɚɞɢɫɩɥɟɟɦɚɲɢɧɵɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹɨɲɢɛɤɚɤɨɞɢɥɢɦɢɝɚɧɢɟɫɜɟɬɨɞɢɨɞɨɜɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɟɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɧɚɜɚɲɟɦ

ɩɨɦɨɳɶª+HOSRQOLQHɢɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɶɜɚɲɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɧɚɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɨɝɨɬɢɩɚ6PDUW7RXFKɧɚɩɚɧɟɥɢɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɉɨɫɥɟ

ɷɬɨɝɨɜɵɫɦɨɠɟɬɟɭɡɧɚɬɶɨɛɨɲɢɛɤɟɢɪɟɲɢɬɶɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɭ

Ɍɨɪɝɨɜɚɹɦɚɪɤɚ &DQG\

Ɍɢɩɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɋɭɲɢɥɶɧɚɹɦɚɲɢɧɚ

Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ &6+$'(

ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ

ɄɚɧɞɢȽɭɜɟɪȽɪɭɩɋɪɥȼɢɚɄɨɦɨɥɥɢ

ȻɪɭɝɟɪɢɨɆɢɥɚɧɂɬɚɥɢɹ

Ɏɚɛɪɢɤɚ

ɋɚɧɚɢȻɨɥɝɟɫɢɛɄɚɞɞɟ

ɗɫɤɢɫɟɯɢɪɌɭɪɰɢɹ

ɉɨɫɬɚɜɳɢɤɧɚɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢɊɎ

ɭɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɟɧɧɵɣɧɚɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɟɩɪɟɬɟɧɡɢɣ

Ʌɟɧɢɧɝɪɚɞɫɤɢɣɩɪɨɫɩɟɤɬɞ7HO

FDQG\PRZ#FDQG\UX

ZZZFDQG\UX

ɂɦɩɨɪɬɟɪ

ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ

ɗɬɨɢɡɞɟɥɢɟɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ

ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɚɦɌɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨɋɨɸɡɚ

ɧɢɡɤɨɜɨɥɶɬɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹª

ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɫɪɟɞɫɬɜª

ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸɨɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɟɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ

ɢɥɢɟɝɨɤɨɩɢɸȼɵɦɨɠɟɬɟɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶɜ

ɬɨɪɝɨɜɨɣɬɨɱɤɟɝɞɟɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ

ɬɚɤɠɟɩɨɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɣɩɨɱɬɟ

FDQG\PRZ#FDQG\UXɢɥɢɬɟɥɟɮɨɧɭ



Ɉɪɝɚɧɩɨɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ

Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ

ɊɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɚɹɎɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɹɢɊɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚ

Ʉɚɡɚɯɫɬɚɧɦɟɫɹɰɟɜ

ɊɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚȻɟɥɚɪɭɫɶ±ɦɟɫɹɰɚ

ɋɪɨɤɫɥɭɠɛɵ ɥɟɬ

ɋɟɪɢɣɧɵɣɧɨɦɟɪ61

ɋɟɪɢɣɧɵɣɧɨɦɟɪɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɚɷɬɢɤɟɬɤɟ

ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣɜɩɟɪɟɞɧɟɣɱɚɫɬɢ

ȼɚɲɟɣɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɨɣɦɚɲɢɧɵɡɚɞɜɟɪɰɟɣ

Ⱦɥɹɞɨɫɬɭɩɚɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɨɬɤɪɵɬɶɤɪɵɲɤɭ

ɋɟɪɢɣɧɵɣɧɨɦɟɪɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚɫɨɫɬɨɢɬɢɡ

ɰɢɮɪɩɪɢɦɟɪɏɏɏɏɝɞɟ

ɉɟɪɜɵɟɰɢɮɪɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬɡɚɜɨɞɫɤɨɣ

ɤɨɞɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ

ɋɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɰɢɮɪɵɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɚɸɬɞɚɬɭ

ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɝɞɟ

±ɝɨɞɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚɝɨɞ

±ɚɹɧɟɞɟɥɹɝɨɞɚ

ɉɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟɱɟɬɵɪɟɰɢɮɪɵ±ɧɨɦɟɪ

ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚɜɩɚɪɬɢɢ

ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ

Ƚɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɧɵɣɫɪɨɤ





*96+$7&(

Ɋɨɳɢɧɫɤɢɣɩɪɞɞ7HO

FDQG\PRZ#FDQG\UXZZZFDQG\UX

ɍɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ

  ɍɩɚɤɨɜɨɱɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ

ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɣɬɟɦɟɫɬɧɵɟɧɨɪɦɵɩɨ

ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢɭɩɚɤɨɜɨɱɧɵɯ

ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ

  ȼɚɲɚ ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɚɲɢɧɚ ɧɟ

ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɜɵɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ

ɛɵɬɨɜɵɦ ɦɭɫɨɪɨɦ ȼɵɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɣ

ɢɡɫɬɪɨɹɩɪɢɛɨɪɞɨɥɠɟɧ

ɭɬɢɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫ

ɦɟɫɬɧɵɦɢɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ

Ⱦɥɹɭɬɨɱɧɟɧɢɹɩɪɚɜɢɥ

ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢɩɪɨɫɢɦȼɚɫ

ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ

ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɭɸ

ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɭɸɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɸɢɥɢ

ɦɚɝɚɡɢɧ

ɋɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɟɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ

Ɉɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟɦɛɵɬɨɜɨɣ

ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢɡɚɧɢɦɚɸɬɫɹ

ɚɜɬɨɪɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɵɟ

ɰɟɧɬɪɵ

ɋɩɢɫɨɤ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɵɯ ɰɟɧɬɪɨɜ

ɦɨɠɧɨɧɚɣɬɢɧɚɫɚɣɬɟ

ZZZFDQG\UXɜɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ

ɭɬɨɱɧɢɬɶɩɨɬɟɥɟɮɨɧɭ







Страница загружается...

Candy GVS H10A2TCE-07 Руководство пользователя

Похожие модели бренда

Модели других брендов