English
Ɋɭɫɫɤɢɣ
GB
RS
Operating Instructions
COOKER AND OVEN
Contents
Operating Instructions,1
Description of the appliance-Overall view,2
Description of the appliance-Control Panel,3
Installation,4
Start-up and use,8
Using the hob,9
Precautions and tips,11
Care and maintenance,12
Assistance,12
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ
ɄɍɏɈɇɇȺə ɉɅɂɌȺ ɋ ȾɍɏɈȼɕɆ ɒɄȺɎɈɆ
ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ,1
Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ-Ɉɛɳɢɣ ɜɢɞ,2
Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ-ɉɚɧɟɥɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ,3
Ɇɨɧɬɚɠ,14
ȼɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɹ,19
Bɚɪɨɱɧɚɹ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ,22
ɉɪɟɞɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ,23
Ɍɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɭɯɨɞ,23
EnglishEnglish
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ
ɄɍɏɈɇɇȺə ɉɅɂɌȺ ɋ ȾɍɏɈȼɕɆ ɒɄȺɎɈɆ
ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ
Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ
ɄɍɏɈɇɇȺə ɉɅɂɌȺ ɋ ȾɍɏɈȼɕɆ ɒɄȺɎɈɆ
ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ
ɊɭɫɫɤɢɣɊɭɫɫɤɢɣ
KZ
Ɉɪɧɚɬɭ
Ԕԝɪɵɥԑɵɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɦɚɫɵ
ɀɚɥɩɵ ɲɨɥɭ
Ȼɚɫԕɚɪɭ ɬɚԕɬɚɫɵ
ɉɚɣɞɚɥɚɧɭɧԝɫԕɚɭɥɵԑɵ
Ԕԝɪɵɥԑɵɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɦɚɫɵ
Ԕɨɫɭɠԥɧɟɩɚɣɞɚɥɚɧɭ
ɋɚԕɬɚɧɞɵɪɭɥɚɪ
ɦɟɧɤɟԙɟɫɬɟɪ
Ʉԛɬɿɦɠԥɧɟɬɟɯɧɢɤɚɥɵԕ
ԕɵɡɦɟɬɤԧɪɫɟɬɭ
Ʉԧɦɟɤ
ɉɚɣɞɚɥɚɧɭɧԝɫԕɚɭɥɵԑɵ
ɉɅɂɌȺ
Ɇɚɡɦԝɧɵ
Ԕɚɡɚԕɲɚ
1
2
3
24
28
31
32
32
Ԕɚɡɚԕɲɚ
English
KN3GI27 /RU
MVK5 GI1 RF
2
1
2
4
5
6
7
3
8
9
10
11
12
7
13
Description of the appliance
Overall view
GB
Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ
Ɉɛɳɢɣ ɜɢɞ
RS
1. Hob burner
2. Hob Grid
3.Containment surface for spills
4.Control panel
5..Sliding grill rack
6.DRIPPING pan
7.Adjustable foot
8.GUIDE RAILS for the sliding racks
9.position 5
10.position 4
11.position 3
12.position 2
13.position 1
1. Ƚɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ
2. Ɋɚɛɨɱɚɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ
3.ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ
4.ɉɚɧɟɥɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
5.Ɋɟɲɟɬɤɚ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ
6.ɉɪɨɬɢɜɟɧɶ ɢɥɢ ɠɚɪɨɱɧɵɣ ɥɢɫɬ
7.Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɦɵɟ ɧɨɠɤɢ
8.HAɉPABɅəɘɓɂE ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɟɧɟɣ ɪɟɲɟɬɨɤ
9. ɉɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ 1
10. ɉɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ 2
11.ɉɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ 3
12.ɉɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ 4
13.ɉɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ 5
Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ
Ɉɛɳɢɣ ɜɢɞ
Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ
Ɉɛɳɢɣ ɜɢɞ
KZ
1
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
ɀɚɥɩɵɲɨɥɭ
Ԕԝɪɵɥԑɵ
ɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɦɚɫɵ
Газ оттығы
Плита торы
Төгілген сұйықтықтарды ұстайтын
бет
Басқару тақтасы
ГРИЛЬ
ТҰТҚАЛЫ ТАБА
Реттелетін аяқ
Сырғымалы тартпаларға арналған
БАҒЫТТАУШЫ ЖОЛДАР
5-позиция
4-позиция
3-позиция
2-позиция
1-позиция
3
Description of the appliance
Control panel
1.GAS BURNER IGNITION button (Only on certain
models)
2.OVEN AND GRILL CONTROL knob
3.OVEN LIGHT
4.Hob BURNER control knob
Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ
ɉɚɧɟɥɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
RS
1.ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɟ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɨɤ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ
ɩɚɧɟɥɢ (ɂɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ.)
2.Ɋɭɤɨɹɬɤɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɨɣ ɢ ɝɪɢɥɟɦ
Ʉɧɨɩɤɚ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ
Ɋɭɤɨɹɬɤɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɨɤ
ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ
1
3
4
2
GB
KZ
1.
2.
3.
4.
ɉɥɢɬɚ ɨɬɬɵԕɬɚɪɵɧɚ ɚɪɧɚɥԑɚɧ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɞɵԕ ɬԝɬɚɬԕɵɲ
ɉɟɲ ɩɟɧ
ɝɪɢɥɶɞɿ
ɉɟɲ ɲɚɦɵ ɦɟɧ ɝɪɢɥɶ- ɛɚɪ
ɬԛɣɦɟɫɿ
ɉɥɢɬɚɞɚԑɵ ɝɚɡ ɨɬɬɵԕɬɚɪɵɧ
ɛɚɫԕɚɪɭ ɬԝɬԕɚɥɚɪɵ
Ԕԝɪɵɥԑɵ
ɫɢɩɚɬɬɚɦɚɫɵ
Ȼɚɫԕɚɪɭ ɬɚԕɬɚɫɵ
3.
4.
1 3
RS
ɂɡɞɟɥɢɟ: Ʉɨɦɛɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ (ɝɚɡɨɜɚɹ) ɩɥɢɬɚ
Ɍɨɪɝɨɜɚɹ ɦɚɪɤɚ:
Ɍɨɪɝɨɜɵɣ ɡɧɚɤ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɹ:
Ɇɨɞɟɥɢ:
ɂɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ: Indesit Company
ɋɬɪɚɧɚ-ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ: ɉɨɥɶɲɚ
ɇɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
ɢɥɢ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ
220–240 ȼ ~
ɍɫɥɨɜɧɨɟ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɨɞɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ
ɢɥɢ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ
50/60 Ƚɰ
Ʉɥɚɫɫ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɨɬ ɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɬɨɤɨɦ Ʉɥɚɫɫ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ I
Ɉɛɴɟɦ ɞɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɲɤɚɮɚ 58 ɥ
Ɇɚɤɫ. ɩɨɝɥɨɳɚɟɦɚɹ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ (ɝɚɡɨɜɚɹ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɚ) 3100 ȼɬ
ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ
ɩɨ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɚɦ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ
ɢɥɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɩɢɣ
ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɨɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚ ɞɚɧɧɭɸ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɭ, ȼɵ
ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɨɬɩɪɚɜɢɬɶ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ ɩɨ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɦɭ ɚɞɪɟɫɭ
Ⱦɚɬɭ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ
ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɢɡ ɫɟɪɢɣɧɨɝɨ ɧɨɦɟɪɚ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɩɨɞ ɲɬɪɢɯ-ɤɨɞɨɦ
(S/N XXXXXXXXX * XXXXXXXXXXX),
ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ:
- 1-ɹ ɰɢɮɪɚ ɜ S/N ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɣ ɰɢɮɪɟ
ɝɨɞɚ;
- 2-ɹ ɢ 3-ɹ ɰɢɮɪɵ ɜ S/N — ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɜɨɦɭ ɧɨɦɟɪɭ
ɦɟɫɹɰɚ ɝɨɞɚ,
- 4-ɹ ɢ 5-ɹ ɰɢɮɪɵ ɜ S/N — ɱɢɫɥɭ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɦɟɫɹɰɚ ɢ ɝɨɞɚ.
ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɡɚ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɛɟɡ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɜɧɨɫɢɬɶ
ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɢ ɤɨɦɩ-
ɥɟɤɬɚɰɢɸ, ɧɟ ɭɯɭɞɲɚɸɳɢɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ. ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ, ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ
ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ, ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ. ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɧɟɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶ-
ɧɵɟ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ. ɂɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟ ɧɟɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ
ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɛɪɨɲɸɪɟ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɩɟɱɚɬɢ ɢɥɢ ɤɨɩɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɲɢɛɨɤ.
ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ: Indesit Company S.p.A.
ȼɢɚɥɟ Ⱥ. Ɇɟɪɥɨɧɢ 47, 60044, Ɏɚɛɪɢɚɧɨ (Ⱥɇ), ɂɬɚɥɢɹ
ɂɦɩɨɪɬɟɪ: ɈɈɈ «ɂɧɞɟɡɢɬ Ɋɍɋ»
ɋ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦɢ (ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ) ɨɛɪɚɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɨ ɚɞɪɟɫɭ: Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ, 127018, Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ, ɭɥ. Ⱦɜɢɧɰɟɜ, ɞɨɦ 12, ɤɨɪɩ. 1
ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɹ
KN3GI27 /RU
MVK5 GI1 RF
14
RS
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ
! ɉɟɪɟɞ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɨɣ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɚɲɟɝɨ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ
ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɣɬɟ ɞɚɧɧɨɟ ɪɭ-
ɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ: ɜ ɧɟɦ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɫɹ ɜɚɠɧɵɟ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ, ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɣ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ
ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ.
! ɋɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɤɚɤ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɫɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɨɣ
ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɜɨɡ-
ɦɨɠɧɵɦ ɧɨɜɵɦ ɜɥɚɞɟɥɶɰɚɦ.
! ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ
ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ
ɫ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɦɵɦɢ
ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦɢ.
! ɉɟɪɟɞ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨ-
ɜɚɧɢɹ ɟɝɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɨɬ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ.
ȼɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ
ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚɦɢ ɩɨ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɥɢɬɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɯ ɫ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɣ ɜɟɧ-
ɬɢɥɹɰɢɟɣ. ɉɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɭɸ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɭɸ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɫɝɨ-
ɪɚɧɢɹ (ɩɪɢɬɨɤ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ
2 ɦ
3
/ɱ ɧɚ ɤɚɠɞɵɣ ɤɢɥɨɜɚɬɬ ɦɨɳ ɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚ-
ɟɦɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ). Ɍɪɭɛɚ, ɢɞɭɳɚɹ ɤ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɦɭ
ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɦɭ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɸ, ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɪɟɲɟɬ-
ɤɨɣ, ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɟ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɟ
100 ɫɦ
2
ɢ ɩɪɨɥɨɠɟɧɚ ɬɚɤ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɡɚɫɨɪɟɧɢɟ
ɜ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɟɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ (ɪɢɫ. A).
ȿɫɥɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɚɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɥɢɬɵ ɧɟ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɚ ɭɫ-
ɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ, ɜɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ
ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɨ ɧɚ 100% (ɫ ɦɢɧɢ-
ɦɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɵɦ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɪɭɛɵ 200 ɫɦ
2
).
Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɩɨɬɨɤ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɢɡ ɫɦɟɠɧɵɯ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ
(ɩɪɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɢ, ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɧɟ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ
ɱɚɫɬɹɦɢ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ, ɩɨɠɚɪɨɨɩɚɫɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɢɥɢ
ɫɩɚɥɶɧɹɦɢ), ɢɯ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ
ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɵ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɨɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɨɬ-
ɜɨɞɧɨɣ ɬɪɭɛɨɣ, ɤɚɤ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɨ ɜɵɲɟ (ɪɢɫ. B).
Ɉɬɜɨɞ ɨɬɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ
ɗɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɛɭɞɟɬ
ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɜɵɬɹɠɤɢ, ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧ-
ɧɨɣ
ɤ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɨɦɭ ɞɵɦɨɨɬɜɨɞɭ, ɢɥɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ
ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ, ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɟɝɨɫɹ ɤɚɠɞɵɣ
ɪɚɡ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ (cɦ. ɪɢɫ.).
ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ
ɩɪɢɬɨɤɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ
ɋɦɟɠɧɨɟ
ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ
ɉɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ,
ɬɪɟɛɭɸ ɳɟɟ
ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ
ɍɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɡɨɪɚ
ɦɟɠɞɭ ɞɜɟɪɶɸ ɢ ɩɨɥɨɦ
ɞɥɹ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɚ
ɩɪɢɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ
AB
! ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚ-
ɧɢɹ ɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɶ ɨɤɧɨ ɢɥɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɶ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ
ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ.
ɉɪɹɦɚɹ ɜɵɬɹɠɤɚ ɧɚɪɭɠɭ
ȼɵɬɹɠɤɚ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ
ɞɵɦɨɯɨɞɚ (ɬɨɥɶɤɨ
ɞɥɹ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ)
!
ɋɠɢɠɟɧɧɵɣ ɝɚɡ ɬɹɠɟɥɟɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ, ɢ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɫɤɚɩɥɢ-
ɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɧɢɡɭ. ɉɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ
ɛɚɥɥɨɧɵ ɫɨ ɫɠɢɠɟɧɧɵɦ ɝɚɡɨɦ, ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɫɧɚ-
ɳɟɧɵ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɨɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɟɣ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɧɟɟ ɦɨɝ
ɭɯɨɞɢɬɶ ɝɚɡ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɭɬɟɱɤɢ. ɇɟɥɶɡɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶ ɢ
ɯɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɛɚɥɥɨɧɵ ɫ ɝɚɡɨɦ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɯ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧ-
ɧɵɯ ɧɢɠɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɩɨɥɚ (ɜ ɩɨɞɜɚɥɚɯ ɢ ɩɨɥɭɩɨɞɜɚɥɚɯ).
Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦ ɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɜ ɤɭɯɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɣ
ɛɚɥɥɨɧ ɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɞɚɥɶɲɟ ɨɬ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ
ɬɟɩɥɚ (ɞɭɯɨɜɨɤ, ɤɚɦɢɧɨɜ, ɩɟɱɟɣ ɢ ɬ.ɩ.), ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɯ
ɧɚɝɪɟɬɶ ɛɚɥɥɨɧ ɞɨ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɵɲɟ 50°ɋ.
Ɋɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɜɵɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɧɢɟ
!
ɉɥɢɬɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɪɹɞɨɦ ɫ ɥɸɛɨɣ
ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɣ ɦɟɛɟɥɶɸ, ɧɟ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɸɳɟɣ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɩɨ ɜɵɫɨɬɟ.
!
ɋɬɟɧɚ, ɫɨɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɸɳɚɹɫɹ ɫ ɡɚɞɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨ-
ɜɚɧɢɹ, ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɞɟɥɚɧɚ ɢɡ ɧɟɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɯ-
ɫɹ, ɬɟɪɦɨɫɬɨɣɤɢɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ (ɜɵɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɧɚɝɪɟɜ
ɞɨ 90 °C).
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ:
Ɋɚɡɦɟɫɬɢɬɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɤɭɯɧɟ, ɫɬɨɥɨɜɨɣ, ɧɨ ɧɟ
ɜ ɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɟ.
ȿɫɥɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɚɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɥɢɬɵ ɜɵɲɟ ɪɹɞɨɦ
ɫɬɨɹɳɟɣ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɣ ɦɟɛɟɥɢ, ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɹɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɧɚɯɨ-
ɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ
ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 200 ɦɦ ɨɬ
ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ.
Ɇɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹ-
ɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯ ɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɥɢɬɵ
ɢ ɧɚɜɟɫɧɵɦɢ ɲɤɚɮɚ-
ɦɢ (ɩɨɥɤɚɦɢ) ɞɨɥɠɧɨ
ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ 420 ɦɦ.
ɗɬɨ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɫɥɟ-
x
x
x
1 5
RS
ɞɭɟɬ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɶ ɞɨ 700 ɦɦ, ɟɫɥɢ ɧɚɜɟɫɧɵɟ ɲɤɚɮɵ
ɫɞɟɥɚɧɵ ɢɡ ɝɨɪɸɱɢɯ ɦɚ ɬɟ ɪɢɚɥɨɜ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ.).
ɒɬɨɪɵ / ɠɚɥɸɡɢ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɨɡɚɞɢ
ɩɥɢɬɵ ɢɥɢ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɦɟɧɟɟ 200 ɦɦ ɨɬ ɟɟ ɛɨ-
ɤɨɜɵɯ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ.
ȼɵɬɹɠɤɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɢɯ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢ-
ɹɦ ɩɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ.
ȼɵɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɧɢɟ
ɉɥɢɬɚ ɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɚ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɦɵɦɢ
ɧɨɠɤɚɦɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɥɭɠɚɬ ɞɥɹ
ɟɟ ɜɵɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɧɢɹ. ɉɪɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨ-
ɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ, ɧɨɠɤɢ ɜɤɪɭɱɢ ɜɚɸɬɫɹ
ɜ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ ɩɨ ɭɝɥɚɦ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɩɥɢɬɵ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ.).
ɉɥɢɬɚ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɭɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɞɫɬɚɜ-
ɧɵɦɢ ɨɩɨɪɚɦɢ*, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɭɫɬɚ-
ɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ ɩɨɞ
ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɥɢɬɵ.
ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ
Ɉɫɧɚɫɬɢɬɟ ɩɢɬɚɸɳɢɣ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɨɣ ɜɢɥɤɨɣ,
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɟ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ
ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ.
Ɉɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɧɚɩɪɹɦɭɸ ɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɹɬɶɫɹ
ɤ ɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɦɧɨɝɨɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɝɨ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢ-
ɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɹ (ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ
ɧɨɪɦɚɦ ɢ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ), ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹ ɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ
ɪɚɡɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚɦɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 3 ɦɦ,
ɥɢɧɢɹ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɩɪɟɪɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚ-
ɬɟɥɟɦ. ɉɢɬɚɸɳɢɣ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɶ ɬɚɤ,
ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɣ ɞɥɢɧɟ ɨɧ ɧɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɟ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɥɫɹ ɞɨ
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ, ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɸɳɟɣ ɧɚ 50 °ɋ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ
ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ.
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ, ɱɬɨ:
x Ɉɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɨ ɢ ɜɢɥɤɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ
ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚɦ.
x Ɋɨɡɟɬɤɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɵɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ
ɨɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ (ɫɦ. ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɭ
ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ).
x ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɞɢɚɩɚ-
ɡɨɧɭ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ
ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ
ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ.
x Ɋɨɡɟɬɤɚ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɜɢɥɤɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɜ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ-
ɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ — ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɤ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦɭ
ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɭ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɦɟɧɵ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ. ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ
ɭɞɥɢɧɢɬɟɥɢ ɢ ɦɧɨɝɨɝɧɟɡɞɨɜɵɟ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ.
* Ɍɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ.
x
x
! ɉɨɫɥɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɛɟɫ-
ɩɟɱɟɧ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɣ ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɤ ɩɢɬɚɸɳɟɦɭ ɤɚɛɟɥɸ ɢ ɪɨ-
ɡɟɬɤɟ.
! Ʉɚɛɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɭɱɟɧ ɢɥɢ ɩɟɪɟɠɚɬ.
! Ʉɚɛɟɥɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɬɶ, ɟɝɨ ɡɚɦɟɧɚ
ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚɦɢ ɫɟɪ-
ɜɢɫɧɨɝɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ.
ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ
ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɪ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫ-
ɧɨɫɬɢ.
ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɝɚɡɭ
ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ
ɢɥɢ ɛɚɥɥɨɧɭ ɫ ɝɚɡɨɦ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨ-
ɳɢ ɝɢɛɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɡɢɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɫɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɲɥɚɧɝɚ, ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ
ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɧɨɪɦɚɦ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɬɢɩɚ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɬɨɦɭ, ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ
ɧɚɫɬɪɨɟɧɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ (ɫɦ. ɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɧɚ ɤɨɪɩɭɫɟ
ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ): ɜ ɢɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɣɬɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦ
§ «ɇɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɬɢɩɵ ɝɚɡɚ». ȿɫɥɢ ɩɥɢɬɚ
ɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɤ ɛɚɥɥɨɧɭ ɫɨ ɫɠɢɠɟɧɧɵɦ ɝɚɡɨɦ, ɧɚ
ɛɚɥɥɨɧ ɫ ɝɚɡɨɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ
ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ (ɪɟɞɭɤɬɨɪ), ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɢɣ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɫɬɚɧ-
ɞɚɪɬɨɦ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ.
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɨɛɥɟɝɱɢɬɶ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ, ɩɨɞɜɨɞ ɝɚɡɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ
ɛɵɬɶ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧ ɫ ɨɛɟɢɯ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ*:
ɩɨɦɟɧɹɣɬɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɹ ɲɥɚɧɝɚ ɢ ɡɚ ɝɥɭɲɤɢ
ɢ ɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɟ ɭɩɥɨɬɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɭ (ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ
ɫ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ).
! ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɚɡɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɟ-
ɧɢɹɦ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɦ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ «ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ
ɢ ɠɢɤɥɟɪɨɜ». ɗɬɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɭɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɢ ɞɨɥ-
ɝɢɣ ɫɪɨɤ ɫɥɭɠɛɵ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɦ
ɷɧɟɪɝɨɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɢ.
ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɢɛɤɢɦ ɪɟɡɢɧɨɜɵɦ ɲɥɚɧɝɨɦ
ɉɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɣ ɲɥɚɧɝ, ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɤɨɬɨ-
ɪɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɬ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚɦ. ȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɣ
ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɲɥɚɧɝɚ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ: 8 ɦɦ — ɞɥɹ
ɫɠɢɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ
; 13 ɦɦ— ɞɥɹ ɦɟɬɚɧɚ
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɭɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɲɥɚɧɝ:
ɩɨ ɜɫɟɣ ɞɥɢɧɟ ɧɟ ɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɩɥɢɬɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ
ɦɨɝɭɬ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɨ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɵɲɟ 50 °ɋ;
ɧɟ ɧɚɬɹɧɭɬ, ɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɭɱɟɧ, ɧɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬ ɩɟɬɟɥɶ
ɢ ɢɡɝɢɛɨɜ, ɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɠɚɬ;
ɧɟ ɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜ
ɫ ɨɫɬɪɵɦɢ ɭɝɥɚɦɢ;
ɩɨ ɜɫɟɣ ɞɥɢɧɟ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɨɫɦɨɬɪɚ ɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ
ɟɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ;
ɞɥɢɧɨɣ ɦɟɧɟɟ 1500 ɦɦ;
ɩɪɨɱɧɨ ɡɚɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɨɛɨɢɯ ɤɨɧɰɨɜ ɡɚ-
ɠɢɦɚɦɢ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ
ɝɚɡɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ.
x
x
x
x
x
x
16
RS
! ȿɫɥɢ ɯɨɬɹ ɛɵ ɨɞɧɨ ɢɡ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɵɲɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ
ɧɟ ɭɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ, ɢɥɢ, ɟɫɥɢ ɩɥɢɬɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɭɫɬɚ-
ɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɨ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦ, ɨɬɧɨɫɹɳɢɦɫɹ ɤ ɛɵɬɨɜɵɦ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɦ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ 2 ɩɨɞɤɥɚɫɫɚ 1 (ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɞɜɭ-
ɦɹ ɲɤɚɮɚɦɢ), ɬɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚɦ
ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɝɚɡɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ
ɝɢɛɤɢɟ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɬɪɭɛɵ.
ɉɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɝɢɛɤɨɣ ɛɟɫɲɨɜɧɨɣ
ɫɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɪɭɛɵ ɤ ɪɟɡɶɛɨɜɨɦɭ
ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɸ
Ɍɪɭɛɚ ɢ ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɬɶ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ
ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚɦ.
ɍɞɚɥɢɬɟ ɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶ ɲɥɚɧɝɚ ɫ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ. Ƚɢɛɤɚɹ
ɫɬɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɪɭɛɚ ɩɪɢɫɨɟɞɢɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɤ ɬɨɦɭ ɠɟ ɜɵɜɨɞɭ
ɫ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɨɣ ɪɟɡɶɛɨɣ 1/2 ɞɸɣɦɚ.
! Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɥɢɧɚ ɬɪɭɛɵ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɛɨɥɟɟ
2 ɦ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ, ɱɬɨ ɬɪɭɛɚ ɧɟ ɩɪɢ-
ɠɚɬɚ ɢ ɧɟ ɫɨɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɵɦɢ ɞɟɬɚɥɹɦɢ.
Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ
ɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ
ȼɵɩɨɥɧɢɜ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɝɚɡɭ, ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ
ɟɝɨ ɭɬɟɱɟɤ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɦɵɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪ. ɇɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɟ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɩɥɚɦɹ.
ɇɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɬɢɩɵ ɝɚɡɚ
ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɬɢɩ ɝɚɡɚ,
ɨɬɥɢɱɧɵɣ ɨɬ ɡɚɜɨɞ ɫɤɨɣ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ (ɫɦ. ɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɧɚ
ɤɨɪɩɭɫɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ).
ɇɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
Ɂɚɦɟɧɚ ɠɢɤɥɟɪɨɜ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɨɤ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ:
1) ɫɧɢɦɢɬɟ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɟ
ɪɟɲɟɬɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ ɢ ɜɵɧɶ-
ɬɟ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ ɢɡ ɝɧɟɡɞ;
2) ɜɵɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɠɢɤɥɟɪɵ 7 ɦɦ
ɬɨɪɰɟɜɵɦ ɤɥɸɱɨɦ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ.)
ɢ ɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɟ ɢɯ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɢ
ɞɥɹ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɝɚɡɚ (ɫɦ.
ɬɚɛɥ. «ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ
ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ ɢ ɠɢɤɥɟɪɨɜ»);
3) ɫɨɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɜɫɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɹ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ
ɜ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ.
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ
ɤɨɧɮɨɪɨɤ ɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
1. ɉɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɤ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɸ
ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ.
2. ɋɧɢɦɢɬɟ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɢ ɜɪɚɳɚɣɬɟ ɟɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɵɣ
ɜɢɧɬ (ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧ ɫɛɨɤɭ ɢɥɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɫɬɟɪɠɧɹ ɪɟɝɭɥɹ-
ɬɨɪɚ), ɩɨɤɚ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɧɟ ɫɬɚɧɟɬ ɦɚɥɵɦ, ɧɨ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɵɦ.
! ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɠɢɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɨɱ-
ɧɵɣ ɜɢɧɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɡɚɬɹɧɭɬɶ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ.
3. ɉɪɢ ɝɨɪɹɳɟɦ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɪɚɡ ɛɵɫɬɪɨ ɩɨ-
ɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ
ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɢɡ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶ-
ɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɧɚɨɛɨɪɨɬ, ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɹ, ɱɬɨ ɩɥɚɦɹ
ɧɟ ɝɚɫɧɟɬ.
! Ⱦɥɹ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɨɤ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ
ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ.
ɇɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɬɢɩ ɝɚɡɚ
Ɂɚɦɟɧɚ ɠɢɤɥɟɪɚ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ:
1) ɜɵɧɶɬɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ (ɹɳɢɤ) ɞɥɹ
ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ ɢ ɩɨɞɨɝɪɟɜɚ
ɛɥɸɞ;
2) ɜɵ ɞɜɢɧɶɬɟ ɢ ɭɞɚɥɢɬɟ ɡɚɳɢɬ-
ɧɭɸ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ «Ⱥ» (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ.);
3) ɨɬɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɜɢɧɬ «V» ɢ ɫɧɢ-
ɦɢɬɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ.) — ɞɥɹ
ɨɛɥɟɝɱɟɧɢɹ
ɷɬɨɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɵ
ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɧɢɦɢɬɟ ɞɜɟɪ-
ɰɭ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ;
4) ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɨɪɰɟɜɵɦ
ɤɥɸɱɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɠɢɤɥɟɪɨɜ ɢɥɢ
7 ɦɦ ɬɨɪɰɟɜɵɦ ɤɥɸɱɨɦ (ɫɦ.
ɪɢɫ.) ɨɬɜɢɧɬɢɬɟ ɠɢɤɥɟɪ ɝɨɪɟɥ-
ɤɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɢ ɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɞ-
ɯɨɞɹɳɢɦ ɞɥɹ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɝɚɡɚ
(ɫɦ. ɬɚɛɥ. ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ
ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ ɢ ɠɢɤɥɟɪɨɜ).
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɦɢɧɢɦɭɦɚ ɞɥɹ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ
1. Ɂɚɠɝɢɬɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ (ɫɦ. ȼɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɢ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚ-
ɧɢɟ).
2. ɉɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɟɟ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶ-
ɧɨ ɧɚ 10 ɦɢɧɭɬ ɜ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ (MAX), ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ —
ɜ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ (MIN) ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ.
3. ɋɧɢɦɢɬɟ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ.
4. ȼɢɧɬɨɦ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɦ ɫ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɫɬɟɪɠ -
ɧɹ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ, ɨɬ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɞɨ ɦɚɥɨɝɨ, ɧɨ
ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ.
! ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɠɢɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨ-
ɜɨɱɧɵɣ ɜɢɧɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɡɚɬɹɧɭɬɶ ɞɨ ɭɩɨɪɚ.
5. ɍɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɛɵɫɬɪɨɦ ɩɨɜɨɪɨɬɟ ɪɭɤɨ-
ɹɬɤɢ ɨɬ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ «MAX» ɤ «MIN» ɢ ɩɪɢ ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɧɢɢ
ɢ ɡɚ ɤɪɵɜɚɧɢɢ ɞɜɟɪɰɵ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɧɟ ɝɚɫɧɟɬ.
1 7
RS
ɌȿɏɇɂɑȿɋɄɂȿ ɏȺɊȺɄɌȿɊɂɋɌɂɄɂ
Ɋɚɡɦɟɪɵ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ
ɜɵɫɨɬɚ 34 ɫɦ;
ɲɢɪɢɧɚ 39 ɫɦ;
ɝɥɭɛɢɧɚ 44 ɫɦ
Ɉɛɴɟɦ 58 ɥ
ȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɵ
ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɞ ɞɭɯɨɜ-
ɤɨɣ
ɜɵɫɨɬɚ 17 ɫɦ;
ɲɢɪɢɧɚ 42 ɫɦ;
ɝɥɭɛɢɧɚ 44 ɫɦ
ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɚɪɚ-
ɦɟɬɪɵ
ɫɦ. ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɭ ɬɟɯ. ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟ-
ɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɧɚ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɢ
Ƚɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ
ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɚɞɚɩɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ
ɞɥɹ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɝɚɡɚ, ɭɤɚ-
ɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɬɟɯ. ɯɚ-
ɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ
Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɚ ȿɋ 2006/95/ȿɋ
ɨɬ 12.12.06 («ɇɢɡɤɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹ-
ɠɟɧɢɟ») ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ
ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ;
2004/108/EC ɨɬ 15.12.04
(«ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɚɹ ɫɨɜɦɟɫ-
ɬɢɦɨɫɬɶ» ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ
ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ;
2009/142/EC ɨɬ 30.11.09
(«Ƚɚɡ») ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ
ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ;
93/68/EEC ɨɬ 22.07.93 ɢ ɩɨ-
ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ –
2002/96/EC;
1275/2008 (ɪɟɠɢɦ ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɹ
Stand-by / ȼɵɤɥ.).
ɇɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɝɪɢɥɹ
Ɂɚɦɟɧɚ ɠɢɤɥɟɪɚ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɝɪɢɥɹ:
1) ɨɬɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɜɢɧɬ «V» ɢ ɫɧɢɦɢ-
ɬɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ.);
2) ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɨɪɰɟɜɵɦ
ɤɥɸɱɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɠɢɤɥɟɪɨɜ ɢɥɢ
7 ɦɦ ɬɨɪɰɟɜɵɦ ɤɥɸɱɨɦ (ɫɦ.
ɪɢɫ.) ɨɬɜɢɧɬɢɬɟ ɠɢɤɥɟɪ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ
ɝɪɢɥɹ ɢ ɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹ-
ɳɢɦ ɞɥɹ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɝɚɡɚ (ɫɦ.
ɬɚɛɥ. ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɝɨɪɟ-
ɥɨɤ ɢ ɠɢɤɥɟɪɨɜ).
! Ȼɭɞɶɬɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɵ, ɱɬɨɛɵ
ɧɟ ɡɚɞɟɬɶ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɵɟ
ɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɬɟɪɦɨɩɚɪɵ ɛɟɡɨ-
ɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ.
! Ⱦɥɹ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɢ ɝɪɢɥɹ ɧɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ
ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ.
! ɉɨɫɥɟ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɬɢɩ ɝɚɡɚ
ɫɬɚɪɭɸ ɧɚɤɥɟɣɤɭ ɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɧɨɜɭɸ — ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɟɦ
ɬɢɩɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ (ɧɚɤɥɟɣɤɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɫɬɢ
ɜ Ⱥɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɦ ɰɟɧɬɪɟ).
! ȿɫɥɢ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɨɝɨ
ɝɚɡɚ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ
ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦɨɝɨ, ɧɚ ɜɩɭɫɤ ɧɭɸ ɬɪɭɛɭ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ (ɜ ɫɨ-
ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚɦɢ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɫɟɬɶɸ).
! ȼɫɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɟ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɫɩɟɰɢɚ-
ɥɢɫɬɨɦ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɦ ɥɢɰɟɧɡɢɸ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɫɥɭɠɛɵ.
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɩɟɪɜɵɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɟɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ
ɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶ — ɫɦ. ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɪɚɡɞ. «Ɉɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ
ɢ ɭɯɨɞ».
18
RS
ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ ɢ ɠɢɤɥɟɪɨɜ
ɋɠɢɠɟɧɧɵɣ ɝɚɡ ɉɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɣ ɝɚɡ
Ƚɨɪɟɥɤɢ
Ⱦɢɚɦɟɬɪ,
ɦɦ
Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ
ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ,
ɤȼɬ (p.c.s.*)
ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ
1/100
ɠɢɤɥɟɪ
1/100
ɩɨɬɨɤ*
ɝ/ɱ
ɠɢɤɥɟɪ
1/100
ɩɨɬɨɤ*
ɥ/ɱ
ɠɢɤɥɟɪ
1/100
ɩɨɬɨɤ*
ɥ/ɱ
ɧɨɦɢɧ. ɭɦɟɧɶɲ ɦɦ ɦɦ
*** **
ɦɦ ɦɦ
Ȼɵɫɬɪɚɹ (ɛɨɥɶɲɚɹ) (R) 100 3,00 0,7 41 87 218 214 128 286 143 286
ɉɨɥɭɛɵɫɬɪɚɹ (ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹ) (S) 75 1,90 0,4 30 70 138 136 104 181 118 181
ȼɫɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ
(ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɚɹ) (A)
51 1,00 0,4 30 52 73 71 76 95 80 95
Ⱦɭɯɨɜɤɚ - 2,80 1,0 46 80 204 200 119 267 132 257
Ƚɪɢɥɶ - 2,30 - - 75 167 164 114 219 139 227
Ⱦɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ
ɇɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ (ɦɛɚɪ)
Ɇɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ (ɦɛɚɪ)
Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ (ɦɛɚɪ)
28-30
20
35
37
25
45
20
17
25
13
6,5
18
* ɋɭɯɨɣ ɝɚɡ ɩɪɢ 15 °ɋ ɢ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ 1013 ɦɛɚɪ
** ɉɪɨɩɚɧ P.C.S. = 50,37 MȾɠ/ɤɝ
*** Ȼɭɬɚɧ P.C.S. = 49,47 MȾɠ/ɤɝ
ɉɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɣ ɝɚɡ P.C.S. = 37,78 MȾɠ/ɦ
3
* Ɍɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɫɨ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɨɣ ɤɪɵɲɤɨɣ.
S
S
R
A
KN3GI27 /RU
MVK5 GI1 RF
19
RS
ȼɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
Ɂɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɟ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ
ȼɨɤɪɭɝ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɨɣ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɵ
ɫɢɦɜɨɥɵ, ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɚɸɳɢɟ ɫɢɥɭ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬ-
ɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ.
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɡɚɠɟɱɶ ɨɞɧɭ ɢɡ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ ɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯ-
ɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɥɢɬɵ:
1. ɉɨɞɧɟɫɢɬɟ ɡɚɠɠɟɧɧɭɸ ɫɩɢɱɤɭ ɢɥɢ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɥɤɭ
ɤ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɟ.
2. ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ, ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɟɟ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ
ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ ɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɜ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɸ ɦɚɤɫɢ-
ɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ
.
3. Ɉɬɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨ-
ɜɢɜ ɟɝɨ ɠɟɥɚɟɦɵɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟɦ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɢ
ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ. Ɋɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɫɬɚ-
ɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ:
— ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɥɚɦɹ,
— ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɥɸɛɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ
ɦɟɠɞɭ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɹɦɢ.
ȼ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɯ ɭɫ-
ɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ
ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ*(ɋ), ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ
ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɨɞɠɢɝɚ,
ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɭɸ ɫɢɦɜɨ-
ɥɨɦ
, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɧɚɠɦɢ-
ɬɟ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ
ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ
ɤ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ, ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɪɭ-
ɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɧɚɠɚɬɨɣ, ɩɨɤɚ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɧɟ ɡɚɝɨɪɢɬɫɹ.
ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɵ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧ-
ɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ, ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɦ ɜ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɝɨɪɟɥɤɨɣ, — ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ* (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ.), ɧɨ ɧɟɬ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɨɞɠɢɝɚ. ɉɪɨɫɬɨ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɢ
ɜɪɚɳɚɣɬɟ ɟɟ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ ɤ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ɦɚɤ-
ɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ, ɩɨɤɚ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɧɟ ɡɚɝɨɪɢɬɫɹ.
ɉɪɢ ɨɬɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɢ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɢ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɝɚɫɧɭɬɶ.
ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɢɬɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ, ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɹ ɪɭɤɨ-
ɹɬɤɭ ɞɨɥɶɲɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɨɣ.
! ȿɫɥɢ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɨ ɩɨɝɚɫɥɨ, ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ
ɢ ɩɨɞɨɠɞɢɬɟ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 1 ɦɢɧɭɬɵ, ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɫɧɨɜɚ
ɡɚɠɟɱɶ ɟɟ.
ȼ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ, ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɧɵɯ
ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɝɨ
ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ (ɏ)*, ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɢ ɞɟɪɠɢɬɟ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ
ɧɚɠɚɬɨɣ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ 2–3 ɫɟɤɭɧɞɵ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɭɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ
ɝɨɪɟɧɢɟ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ ɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ.
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ, ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɟɟ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɞɨ
ɭɩɨɪɚ ɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ «z» — ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɨ.
* Ɍɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ.
ɉɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ
ɝɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ
Ⱦɥɹ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ
ɢ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɚɡɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ
ɩɨɫɭɞɭ ɫ ɤɪɵɲɤɚɦɢ ɢ ɩɥɨɫɤɢɦ ɞɧɨɦ. Ɍɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɫɭɞɚ
ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɢɬɶ ɩɨ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɭ ɤ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɟ.
Ƚɨɪɟɥɤɚ Ⱦɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɞɧɚ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ, ɫɦ
Ȼɵɫɬɪɚɹ (R) 24–26
ɉɨɥɭɛɵɫɬɪɚɹ (S) 16–20
ȼɫɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ (Ⱥ) 10–14
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɬɢɩ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ, ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɤ ɬɚɛɥ.
«ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ ɢ ɠɢɤɥɟɪɨɜ».
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ
! ɉɟɪɟɞ ɩɟɪɜɵɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɚ-
ɫɚ ɩɪɨɤɚɥɢɬɟ ɩɭɫɬɭɸ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɭ ɫ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɨɣ ɞɜɟɪɰɟɣ
ɩɪɢ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ. ɉɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɜɵ-
ɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɶ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ, ɭɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɶ-
ɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɯɨɪɨɲɟɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ.
ɉɨɹɜɢɜɲɢɣɫɹ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɨɤɚɥɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɟɩɪɢɹɬɧɵɣ
ɡɚɩɚɯ ɜɵɡɜɚɧ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɟɦ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶ-
ɡɭɟɦɵɯ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ.
! ɉɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ, ɭɞɚɥɢɬɟ
ɫ ɟɝɨ ɛɨɤɨɜɵɯ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɤɨɜɭɸ ɩɥɟɧɤɭ.
! ɇɢɱɟɝɨ ɧɟ ɤɥɚɞɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɞɧɨ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ — ɷɬɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ
ɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɷɦɚɥɟɜɨɟ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɟ. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ 1-ɣ
ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɢ ɝɨɬɨɜɤɟ ɧɚ ɜɟɪɬɟɥɟ (ɩɪɢ
ɟɝɨ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ).
ȼɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɡɚɠɟɱɶ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ ɞɭɯɨɜ-
ɤɢ, ɩɨɞɧɟɫɢɬɟ ɝɨɪɹɳɭɸ ɫɩɢɱɤɭ
ɢɥɢ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɥɤɭ ɤ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɸ «F»
(ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ.),
ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ
ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɨɣ
ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨ-
ɠɟɧɢɟ Max.
ȿɫɥɢ ɫɩɭɫɬɹ 15 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɧɟ ɡɚɝɨɪɢɬɫɹ, ɨɬɩɭɫɬɢɬɟ
ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ, ɨɬɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɢ ɩɨɞɨɠɞɢɬɟ ɧɟ
ɦɟɧɟɟ 1 ɦɢɧɭɬɵ, ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɫɧɨɜɚ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɬɶ ɩɥɚɦɹ.
! Ⱦɭɯɨɜɤɚ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɚ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ — ɞɥɹ
ɟɝɨ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɨɣ ɫɥɟ-
ɞɭɟɬ ɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɧɚɠɚɬɨɣ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 6 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ.
! ȿɫɥɢ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɧɟɨɠɢɞɚɧɧɨ ɩɨɝɚɫɧɟɬ, ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɝɨ-
ɪɟɥɤɭ ɢ ɩɨɞɨɠɞɢɬɟ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 1 ɦɢɧɭɬɵ, ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ
ɫɧɨɜɚ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɬɶ ɟɟ.
20
RS
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɠɟɥɚɟɦɭɸ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ, ɜɪɚɳɚɣ-
ɬɟ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ
ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ. Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɵ ɧɚ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɚɪɶɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ ɨɬ
140 °ɋ (MIN) ɞɨ 250 °ɋ (MAX).
ɉɪɢ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɬɟɪɦɨɫɬɚɬ
ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɟɟ ɧɚ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦ
ɭɪɨɜɧɟ.
Ƚɪɢɥɶ
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɡɚɠɟɱɶ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ ɝɪɢɥɹ, ɩɨɞɧɟɫɢɬɟ ɤ ɧɟɣ ɝɨɪɹ-
ɳɭɸ
ɫɩɢɱɤɭ ɢɥɢ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɥɤɭ, ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɭɜ
ɧɚɠɚɬɭɸ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɨɣ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ
ɫɬɪɟɥɤɟ ɜ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɸ
. Ƚɪɢɥɶ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ
ɡɚɩɟɤɚɬɶ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɛɥɸɞɚ ɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɢɬ
ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɠɚɪɤɨɝɨ, ɲɧɢɰɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɤɨɛɚɫɨɤ.
ȼɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɭ ɧɚ 4 ɢɥɢ 5 ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ, ɧɚ
1 ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɩɨɦɟɫɬɢɬɟ ɩɨɞɞɨɧ — ɞɥɹ ɫɛɨɪɚ ɠɢɪɚ ɢ
ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɱɚɞɚ.
! Ƚɨɪɟɥɤɚ ɝɪɢɥɹ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɚ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫ-
ɬɢ, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɭ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɨɣ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ
ɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɧɚɠɚɬɨɣ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 6 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ,
! ȿɫɥɢ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɧɟɨɠɢɞɚɧɧɨ ɩɨɝɚɫɧɟɬ, ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɝɨ-
ɪɟɥɤɭ ɢ ɩɨɞɨɠɞɢɬɟ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 1 ɦɢɧɭɬɵ, ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ
ɫɧɨɜɚ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɬɶ ɟɟ.
! Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɟ ɝɪɢɥɶ,
ɞɟɪɠɢɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɢ-
ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɣ. ɑɬɨɛɵ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɶ
ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɢ ɨɬ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɟɜɚ ɩɨɦɟɫɬɢ-
ɬɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɣ ɷɤɪɚɧ (ɞɟɮɥɟɤɬɨɪ)
D ɦɟɠɞɭ ɞɜɟɪɰɟɣ ɢ ɩɚɧɟɥɶɸ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ.).
Ɉɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ
Ɉɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɜ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ
ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟɦ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ.
ɇɢɠɧɟɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ*
ȼ ɧɢɠɧɟɦ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ
ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɞɟɪ-
ɠɚɬɶ ɫɤɨɜɨɪɨɞɵ ɢ ɩɪɢ-
ɧɚɞɥɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ.
Ⱦɜɟɪɰɚ ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ
ɜɧɢɡ.
! ȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɶ-
ɫɹ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ.
! ɇɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɣɬɟ ɜ ɧɢɠɧɟɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɹɸ-
ɳɢɟɫɹ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ.
* Ɍɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ.
ȼ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɯ
ɩɥɢɬ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɞɜɢɠɧɚɹ ɩɚ-
ɧɟɥɶ «Ⱥ», ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɡɚɳɢɳɚɟɬ
ɧɢɠɧɟɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɨɬ
ɬɟɩɥɚ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ (ɫɦ.
ɪɢɫ.).
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɭɞɚɥɢɬɶ ɜɵɞɜɢɠɧɭɸ ɡɚ-
ɳɢɬɧɭɸ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ «A», ɨɬɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ
ɜɢɧɬ «S» (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ.). ɉɨ ɨɤɨɧ-
ɱɚɧɢɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ
ɡɚɳɢɬɧɭɸ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɢ
ɡɚɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɟɟ ɜɢɧɬɨɦ «S».
!
ɉɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɞɭ-
ɯɨɜɤɭ, ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɚɹ
ɩɚɧɟɥɶ «Ⱥ»ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɩɪɚ-
ɜɢɥɶɧɨ
21
RS
ȼɫɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɚ ɩɨ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɜ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɟ
Ȼɥɸɞɨ
ȼɟɫ,
ɤɝ
ɍɪɨɜɟɧɶ
ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɫɧɢɡɭ
Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ,
°C
ȼɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɡɨɝɪɟɜɚ
ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ,
ɦɢɧ.
ȼɪɟɦɹ
ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ,
ɦɢɧ
Ɇɚɤɚɪɨɧɧɵɟ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ
Ʌɚɡɚɧɶɹ 2,5 4 200-210 10 75-85
Ʉɚɧɧɟɥɨɧɢ 2,5 4 200 10 50-60
Ɂɚɩɟɤɚɧɤɚ ɢɡ ɥɚɩɲɢ 2,5 4 200 10 50-60
Ɇɹɫɨ
Ɍɟɥɹɬɢɧɚ 1,5 3 200-210 10 95-100
ɐɵɩɥɟɧɨɤ 1,5 3 210-220 10 90-100
ɍɬɤɚ 1,8 3 200 10 100-110
Ʉɪɨɥɢɤ 2,0 3 200 10 70-80
ɋɜɢɧɢɧɚ 2,1 3 200 10 70-80
Ȼɚɪɚɧɢɧɚ 1,8 3 200 10 100-105
Ɋɵɛɚ
ɋɤɭɦɛɪɢɹ 1,1 3 180-200 10 45-50
Ɂɭɛɚɬɤɚ 1,5 3 180-200 10 45-55
Ɏɨɪɟɥɶ ɜ ɮɨɥɶɝɟ 1,0 3 180-200 10 45-50
ɉɢɰɰɚ
ɇɟɚɩɨɥɢɬɚɧɫɤɚɹ ɩɢɰɰɚ 1,0 4 210-220 15 20-25
ɉɢɪɨɝɢ
Ȼɢɫɤɜɢɬɵ / ɩɟɱɟɧɶɟ 0,5 4 180 15 25-35
Ɍɨɪɬɵ 1,1 4 180 15 40-45
ɇɟɫɥɚɞɤɢɟ ɩɢɪɨɝɢ 1,0 4 180 15 50-55
Ⱦɪɨɠɠɟɜɵɟ ɩɢɪɨɝɢ 1,0 4 170 15 40-45
Ȼɥɸɞɚ ɝɪɢɥɶ (ɧɚ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɟ)
ɋɬɟɣɤɢ ɢɡ ɬɟɥɹɬɢɧɵ 14 5 15-20
Ɉɬɛɢɜɧɵɟ ɤɨɬɥɟɬɵ 1,5 4 5 20
Ƚɚɦɛɭɪɝɟɪɵ 1 3 5 20-30
ɋɤɭɦɛɪɢɹ 1 4 5 15-20
Ɍɨɫɬɵ 4 ɲɬ.4 5 4-5
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ. ɉɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɩɨ ȼɚɲɟɦɭ ɭɫɦɨɬ-
ɪɟɧɢɸ. ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɝɪɢɥɹ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɦɟɫɬɢɬɟ ɩɨɞɞɨɧ ɧɚ 1-ɣ (ɧɢɠɧɢɣ) ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ.
* Ɍɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ.
22
RS
ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ
! Ɉɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɨ ɢ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬ ɫɬɜɢɢ
ɫ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ. ȼɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ
ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɣɬɟ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ, ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɜ
ɰɟɥɹɯ ɜɚɲɟɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ.
Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɤɚɫɚɸɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɬɪɚɧ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ
ɜ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɟ ɢ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ,
ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɧɚ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɢ.
Ɉɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɛɵɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶ-
ɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɞɨɦɚɲɧɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɢ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɨ
ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɯ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ
ɢ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɥɢ.
Ɉɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɨɬ-
ɤɪɵɬɨɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɟ (ɞɚɠɟ ɩɨɞ ɧɚɜɟɫɨɦ). ɑɪɟɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɨ
ɨɩɚɫɧɨ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɞ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ
ɞɨɠɞɹ / ɝɪɨɡɵ.
ɇɟ ɤɚɫɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɟɫɥɢ ɜɚɲɢ ɧɨɝɢ / ɪɭɤɢ
ɦɨɤɪɵɟ; ɧɟ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ȼɵ
ɛɨɫɢɤɨɦ.
Ɉɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ
ɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɦɢ ɥɢɰɚɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ ɢ ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫ-
ɬɜɚ. Ʌɸɛɨɟ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
(ɧɚɩɪ., ɞɥɹ ɨɛɨɝɪɟɜɚ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ) ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɩɪɚ-
ɜɢɥɶɧɵɦ ɢ ɨɩɚɫɧɵɦ. ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ
ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ
ɡɚ ɩɨ ɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ, ɧɟɰɟɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɢɫ-
ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ.
ɂɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɤ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɸ
ɤɥɚɫɫɚ 1 (ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɚɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ) ɢɥɢ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ 2 ɩɨɞɤɥɚɫ-
ɫɚ 1 (ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɲɤɚɮɚɦɢ).
ɇɟ ɩɨɞɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɤ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɸ.
ɍɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɩɢɬɚɸɳɢɟ ɤɚɛɟɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɷɥɟɤɬ-
ɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɜ ɧɟ ɫɨɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɝɨɪɹɱɢɦɢ ɱɚɫ ɬɹɦɢ
ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ.
ɇɟ ɩɟɪɟɝɨɪɚɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ, ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ
ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɢ ɨɬɜɨɞɚ ɬɟɩɥɚ.
ɇɟ ɡɚɤɪɵɜɚɣɬɟ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɭɸ ɤɪɵɲɤɭ ɩɥɢɬɵ*, ɤɨɝɞɚ
ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɵ ɢɥɢ ɟɳɟ ɧɟ ɨɫɬɵɥɢ.
ɉɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɵɦɢ ɪɭɤɚɜɢɰɚɦɢ / ɩɪɢɯɜɚɬɤɚɦɢ,
ɩɨɦɟɳɚɹ ɢ ɜɵɧɢɦɚɹ ɩɨɫɭɞɭ ɢɡ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ.
ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ (ɫɩɢɪɬ,
ɛɟɧɡɢɧ ɢ ɬ.ɩ.) ɪɹɞɨɦ ɫ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɦ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ.
ɇɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɣɬɟ ɜ ɧɢɠɧɟɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɝɨɪɸɱɢɟ
ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ: ɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɨɟ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɨ
-
ɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɜɨɡɝɨɪɚɧɢɸ.
ȼɫɟɝɞɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɣɬɟ, ɱɬɨ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɤɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɯɨ-
ɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ «z», ɤɨɝɞɚ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶ-
ɡɭɟɬɫɹ.
Ɉɬɤɥɸɱɚɹ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɬ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ, ɧɟ ɬɹɧɢɬɟ
ɡɚ ɩɢɬɚɸɳɢɣ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜɵɧɭɬɶ ɜɢɥɤɭ ɢɡ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ:
ɛɟɪɢɬɟɫɶ ɡɚ ɜɢɥɤɭ.
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɥɸɛɵɦɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɦɢ ɩɨ ɱɢɫɬɤɟ ɢ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚ-
ɧɢɸ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɨɬ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ, ɜɵɧɭɜ ɜɢɥɤɭ ɢɡ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ.
* Ɍɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ.
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɢ, ɧɢ ɩɪɢ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɯ
ɧɟ ɩɵɬɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɩɨɱɢɧɢɬɶ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ.
Ɋɟɦɨɧɬ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɵɣ ɧɟɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɥɢɰɚ-
ɦɢ, ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɟɡɜɨɡɜɪɚɬɧɨ ɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɥɢ
ɫɬɚɬɶ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣ ɟɝɨ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ.
Ɉɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɡɚ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɜ Ⱥɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɵɣ
ɰɟɧɬɪ.
ɇɟ ɤɥɚɞɢɬɟ ɬɹɠɟɥɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ ɧɚ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɭɸ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ
ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ.
Ɉɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɥɢɰɚ (ɜɤɥɸ-
ɱɚɹ ɞɟɬɟɣ) ɫɨ
ɫɧɢɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ, ɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɵɦɢ
ɢɥɢ ɭɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɟ ɡɧɚɤɨɦɵɟ
ɫ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɢɦɢ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɨɞ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦ
ɥɢɰ, ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɚ ɢɯ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ
ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɩɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ.
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! Ⱦɨɫɬɭɩɧɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɫ-
ɬɢɝɚɸɬ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɝɪɢɥɹ. ɇɟ
ɩɨɞɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɛɥɢɡɤɨ ɤ ɩɥɢɬɟ.
ɍɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ
ɉɪɢ ɭɧɢɱɬɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɢ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ
ɢɡɛɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɫɬɚɪɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɣɬɟ
ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɢɯ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ.
ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɟ 2002/96/EC ɩɨ
ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɨ-
ɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ (WEEE) ɫɬɚɪɵɟ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɛɵɬɨɜɵɟ ɩɪɢ-
ɛɨɪɵ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɨɛɳɢɣ ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣ
ɧɟɨɬɫɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɨɬɨɤ ɨɬɯɨɞɨɜ: ɨɧɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ
ɫɨɛɢɪɚɬɶɫɹ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜɨɫɫɬɚ-
ɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɨɬɤɭ ɢɯ
ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɶ
ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɟ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢ ɷɤɨ-
ɥɨɝɢɸ. ɍɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɣ ɧɚ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɢ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ ɩɟɪɟɱɟɪɤɧɭɬɨɝɨ
ɜɟɞɪɚ ɧɚ ɤɨɥɟɫɚɯ ɧɚɩɨɦɢɧɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɷɬɨ
ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɨɦɟɫɬɢɬɶ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ
ɫɬɚɪɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɨɛɪɚ-
ɬɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɮɢɪɦɭ-
ɩɨɫɬɚɜɳɢɤ.
ɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɢ ɨɯɪɚɧɚ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ
ɫɪɟɞɵ
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɭɬɪɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɜɟɱɟɪɨɦ
ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɫɧɢɡɢɬɶ ɩɢɤɨɜɭɸ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ ɧɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɶ
ɢ ɫɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɬɶ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ.
Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɣɬɟ ɭɩɥɨɬɧɢɬɟɥɢ ɞɜɟɪɰɵ ɢ ɩɪɨɬɢ-
ɪɚɣɬɟ ɢɯ, ɨɱɢɳɚɹ ɨɬ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɝɪɹɡɢ ɢ ɫɨɪɚ: ɜɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ
ɭɬɟɱɤɢ ɬɟɩɥɚ ɭɩɥɨɬɧɢɬɟɥɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɥɨɬɧɨ ɩɪɢɥɟɝɚɬɶ
ɤ ɞɜɟɪɰɟ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ.
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Ɉɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɭɯɨɞ
Ɉɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
! ɉɟɪɟɞ ɥɸɛɵɦɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɦɢ ɩɨ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ ɨɛɨɪɭ-
ɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɚɣɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɨɬ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ.
ɑɢɫɬɤɚ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
! ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɞɥɹ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɚɛɪɚɡɢɜ-
ɧɵɟ ɢɥɢ ɚɝɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɵɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ (ɩɹɬɧɨɜɵɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɢ,
ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɞɥɹ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɠɚɜɱɢɧɵ, ɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɵɟ ɝɭɛ-
ɤɢ): ɨɧɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɧɟɨɛɪɚɬɢɦɨ ɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ
ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ.
! ɇɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɞɥɹ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɩɚɪɨ-
ɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɟɥɢ ɢ ɚɷɪɨɡɨɥɢ.
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɝɨɬɨɜɤɟ ɩɪɨɬɢɪɚɣɬɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɭɸ ɩɨɜɟɪɯ-
ɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɥɢɬɵ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɣ ɝɭɛɤɨɣ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɜɵɫɭɲɢɬɟ
ɤɭɯɨɧɧɵɦ ɛɭɦɚɠɧɵɦ ɩɨɥɨɬɟɧɰɟɦ.
ɗɦɚɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ
ɜɧɟɲɧɢɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫ-
ɬɢ ɢɡ ɧɟɪɠɚɜɟɸɳɟɣ ɫɬɚɥɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɪɟɡɢɧɨɜɵɟ
ɭɩɥɨɬɧɢɬɟɥɢ ɨɱɢɳɚɣɬɟ ɝɭɛɤɨɣ, ɫɦɨɱɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɪɚɫɬ-
ɜɨɪɟ ɬɟɩɥɨɣ ɜɨɞɵ ɫ ɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɦɵɥɨɦ, ɡɚɬɟɦ
ɨɩɨɥɨɫɧɢɬɟ ɢ ɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɵɬɪɢɬɟ. Ⱦɥɹ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹ
ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɵɯ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ
ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɨɩɨɥɨɫɧɢɬɟ ɢ ɜɵɬɪɢɬɟ
ɧɚɫɭɯɨ. ɇɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɣɬɟ ɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɪɨɲɤɢ ɢɥɢ
ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɟ ɚɝɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɵɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ.
Ɋɟɲɟɬɤɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ, ɤɪɵɲɤɢ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ,
ɩɥɚɦɹɪɚɫɫɟɤɚɬɟɥɢ ɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɥɟɝɱɟ-
ɧɢɹ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɧɹɬɶ; ɩɪɨɦɨɣɬɟ ɢɯ ɬɟɩɥɨɣ ɜɨɞɨɣ
ɫ ɧɟɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɵɦ ɦɨɸɳɢɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ, ɭɞɚɥɹɹ ɧɚɝɚɪ,
ɡɚɬɟɦ ɜɵɫɭɲɢɬɟ.
Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɱɢɳɚɬɶ ɧɚɤɨɧɟɱɧɢɤɢ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ
ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɬɶ, ɧɟ ɡɚɫɨɪɟɧɵ ɥɢ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɟ
ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ.
Ⱦɭɯɨɜɤɭ ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨ ɨɱɢɳɚɬɶ ɢɡɧɭɬɪɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɩɨɤɚ ɨɧɚ ɧɟ
ɨɫɬɵɥɚ. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ
ɝɨɪɹɱɭɸ ɜɨɞɭ ɢ ɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɦɨɸɳɟɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ,
ɡɚɬɟɦ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɨɩɨɥɨɫɧɢɬɟ ɢ ɜɵɬɪɢɬɟ ɦɹɝɤɨɣ ɬɤɚɧɶɸ.
ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɵɟ ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ.
ɋɬɟɤɥɨ ɞɜɟɪɰɵ ɞɭɯɨɜɤɢ ɨɱɢɳɚɣɬɟ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ
ɝɭɛɤɢ ɢ ɧɟɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɱɢɫɬɹɳɟɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ, ɡɚɬɟɦ
ɜɵɬɪɢɬɟ ɧɚɫɭɯɨ ɦɹɝɤɨɣ ɬɤɚɧɶɸ. ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ
ɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɵɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɢɥɢ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɤɪɟɛɤɢ,
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ
ɤ
ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɬɪɟɳɢɧ ɧɚ ɫɬɟɤɥɟ.
ɉɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɦɵɬɶ, ɤɚɤ
ɢ ɨɛɵɱɧɭɸ ɩɨɫɭɞɭ (ɞɚɠɟ ɜ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢ-
ɧɟ).
ɇɚ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɯ ɢɡ ɧɟɪɠɚɜɟɸɳɟɣ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɫɬɚ-
ɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɹɬɧɚ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚ ɫ ɠɟɫɬɤɨɣ
ɜɨɞɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɚɝɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɦɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ,
ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɦɢ ɮɨɫɮɨɪ. Ⱦɥɹ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ
ɢɡ ɧɟɪɠɚɜɟɸɳɟɣ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ
ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɩɨɥɨɫɧɢɬɟ
ɢ ɜɵɬɪɢɬɟ ɧɚɫɭɯɨ.
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! ɇɟ ɡɚɤɪɵɜɚɣɬɟ ɤɪɵɲɤɭ ɩɥɢɬɵ, ɟɫɥɢ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ ɜɤɥɸ-
ɱɟɧɵ ɢɥɢ ɟɳɟ
ɧɟ ɨɫɬɵɥɢ.
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɭɩɥɨɬɧɢɬɟɥɟɣ
Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɣɬɟ ɭɩɥɨɬɧɢɬɟɥɢ ɞɜɟɪɰɵ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɦɭ
ɩɟɪɢɦɟɬɪɭ. ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɢɯ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ
ɜ Ⱥɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɵɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ. ɇɟ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶ
ɞɭɯɨɜɤɨɣ, ɩɨɤɚ ɭɩɥɨɬɧɢɬɟɥɢ ɧɟ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɡɚɦɟɧɟɧɵ.
ɍɯɨɞ ɡɚ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɦɢ ɪɭɤɨɹɬɨɤ
ɋɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɟɦ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɢ (ɤɪɚɧɵ) ɪɭɤɨɹɬɨɤ ɦɨɝɭɬ
ɧɚɱɚɬɶ ɡɚɫɬɪɟɜɚɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɫ ɬɪɭɞɨɦ ɩɪɨɜɨɪɚɱɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ.
ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɢɯ ɧɭɠɧɨ ɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɶ.
! ɗɬɚ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨ-
ɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɝɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ.
Ɂɚɦɟɧɚ ɥɚɦɩɵ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɹ
1. Ɉɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɬ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɫɧɢɦɢɬɟ
ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɵɣ ɩɥɚɮɨɧ ɫ ɩɚɬɪɨɧɚ
ɥɚɦɩɵ.
2. ȼɵɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɝɨɪɟɜɲɭɸ
ɥɚɦɩɭ ɢ ɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɟ ɟɟ ɥɚɦɩɨɣ
ɫ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫ-
ɬɢɤɚɦɢ: ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ 230 ȼ,
ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ – 25 ȼɬ, ɬɢɩ – ȿ 14.
3. ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɵɣ ɩɥɚɮɨɧ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɢ ɫɧɨɜɚ
ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ.
ɉɨɦɨɳɶ
! ɇɟ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶ ɭɫɥɭɝɚɦɢ ɥɢɰ, ɧɟ ɭɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɟɧɧɵɯ
ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɦ. ɉɪɢ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɣɬɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚ-
ɧɢɹ ɨɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɚɩɚɫɧɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ.
ɋɨɨɛɳɢɬɟ ɜ Ⱥɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɵɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ:
ɧɨɦɟɪ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚ (ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɣ ɤɧɢɠɤɢ,
ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɚ ɢ ɬ.ɩ.);
ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɩɥɢɬɵ (Ɇɨɞ.) ɢ ɫɟɪɢɣɧɵɣ ɧɨɦɟɪ (S/N),
ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ, ɪɚɫ-
ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɧɚ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɢ, ɧɚ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɟ ɢɥɢ
ɜ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɧɨɦ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɟ
.
* Ⱦɥɹ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ.
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