Zanussi ZGG62411XA Руководство пользователя

  • Здравствуйте! Я ознакомился с инструкцией по эксплуатации газовой варочной панели Zanussi ZGG62411. Готов ответить на ваши вопросы о ее функциях, установке, уходе и устранении неполадок. В инструкции подробно описаны все этапы работы с прибором, включая зажиг конфорок, рекомендации по безопасности и советы по чистке.
  • Как зажечь конфорку?
    Что делать, если конфорка гаснет?
    Как очистить варочную панель?
    Какое минимальное расстояние должно быть от варочной панели до других приборов?
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8VHUPDQXDO
RU
ɂɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ ɩɨ
ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ
14
+RE
Ƚɚɡɨɜɚɹ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɚɹ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ
=**
BY
RU
Contents
Safety information _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2
Safety instructions _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3
Product description _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5
Daily use _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5
Helpful hints and tips _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6
Care and cleaning _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7
Troubleshooting _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8
Installation _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9
Technical information _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12
Environment concerns _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13
Subject to change without notice.
Safety information
Before the installation and use of the appliance, carefully read the
supplied instructions. The manufacturer is not responsible if an in-
correct installation and use causes injuries and damages. Always
keep the instructions with the appliance for future reference.
Children and vulnerable people safety
Warning! Risk of suffocation, injury or permanent disability.
This appliance can be used by children aged from 8 years and
above and persons with reduced physical, sensory or mental ca-
pabilities or lack of experience and knowledge if they are super-
vised by an adult or a person who is responsible for their safety.
Do not let children play with the appliance.
Keep all packaging away from children.
Keep children and pets away from the appliance when it operates
or when it cools down. Accessible parts are hot.
If the appliance has a child safety device, we recommend that you
activate it.
Cleaning and user maintenance shall not be made by children
without supervision.
General Safety
The appliance and its accessible parts become hot during use.
Do not touch the heating elements.
Do not operate the appliance by means of an external timer or
separate remote-control system.
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Unattended cooking on a hob with fat or oil can be dangerous
and may result in fire.
Never try to extinguish a fire with water, but switch off the appli-
ance and then cover flame e.g. with a lid or a fire blanket.
Do not store items on the cooking surfaces.
Do not use a steam cleaner to clean the appliance.
Metallic objects such as knives, forks, spoons and lids should not
be placed on the hob surface since they can get hot.
Safety instructions
Installation
Warning! Only a qualified person must
install this appliance.
Remove all the packaging.
Do not install or use a damaged appliance.
Obey the installation instruction supplied
with the appliance.
Keep the minimum distance from the other
appliances and units.
Always be careful when you move the appli-
ance because it is heavy. Always wear safety
gloves.
Seal the cut surfaces with a sealant to pre-
vent moisture to cause swelling.
Protect the bottom of the appliance from
steam and moisture.
Do not install the appliance adjacent to a
door or under a window. This prevents hot
cookware to fall from the appliance when the
door or the window is opened.
If the appliance is installed above drawers
make sure that the space, between the bot-
tom of the appliance and the upper drawer,
is sufficient for air circulation.
The bottom of the appliance can get hot. We
recommend to install a non-combustile sepa-
ration panel under the appliance to prevent
access to the bottom.
Electrical connection
Warning! Risk of fire and electrical shock.
All electrical connections must be made by a
qualified electrician.
The appliance must be earthed.
Before carrying out any operation make sure
that the appliance is disconnected from the
power supply.
Use the correct electricity mains cable.
Do not let the electricity mains cable tangle.
Make sure the mains cable or plug (if appli-
cable) does not touch the hot appliance or
hot cookware, when you connect the appli-
ance to the near sockets
Make sure the appliance is installed correct-
ly. Loose and incorrect electricity mains ca-
ble or plug (if applicable) can make the termi-
nal become too hot.
Make sure that a shock protection is instal-
led.
Use the strain relief clamp on cable.
Make sure not to cause damage to the mains
plug (if applicable) or to the mains cable.
Contact the Service or an electrician to
change a damaged mains cable.
The electrical installation must have an isola-
tion device which lets you disconnect the ap-
pliance from the mains at all poles. The isola-
tion device must have a contact opening
width of minimum 3 mm.
Use only correct isolation devices: line pro-
tecting cut-outs, fuses (screw type fuses re-
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moved from the holder), earth leakage trips
and contactors.
Gas connection
All gas connections should be made by a
qualified person.
Make sure that there is air circulation around
the appliance.
The information about the gas supply is on
the rating plate.
This appliance is not connected to a device,
which evacuates the products of combus-
tion. Make sure to connect the appliance ac-
cording to current installation regulations.
Pay attention to requirements regarding ade-
quate ventilation.
Use
Warning! Risk of injury, burns or electric
shock.
Use this appliance in a household environ-
ment.
Do not change the specification of this appli-
ance.
Do not let the appliance stay unattended
during operation.
Do not operate the appliance with wet hands
or when it has contact with water.
Do not put cutlery or saucepan lids on the
cooking zones. They become hot.
Set the cooking zone to “off” after use.
Warning! Risk of fire or explosion.
Fats and oil when heated can release flam-
mable vapours. Keep flames or heated ob-
jects away from fats and oils when you cook
with them.
The vapours that very hot oil releases can
cause spontaneous combustion
Used oil, that can contain food remnants, can
cause fire at a lower temperature than oil
used for the first time.
Do not put flammable products or items that
are wet with flammable products in, near or
on the appliance.
Warning! Risk of damage to the
appliance.
Do not keep hot cookware on the control
panel.
Do not let cookware to boil dry.
Do not activate the cooking zones with emp-
ty cookware or without cookware.
Be careful not to let objects or cookware fall
on the appliance. The surface can be dam-
aged.
Do not put aluminium foil on the appliance.
Do not let acid liquids, for example vinegar,
lemon juice or limescale remover touch the
hob. This can cause matt patches.
Provide good ventilation in the room where
the appliance is installed.
Make sure that the ventilation openings are
not blocked.
Use only stable cookware with the correct
shape and diameter larger than the dimen-
sions of the burners. There is a risk of over-
heating and rupture of the glass plate (if ap-
plicable).
Make sure the flame does not go out when
you quickly turn the knob from the maximum
to the minimum position.
Make sure pots are centrally positioned on
the rings and do not stick out over edges of
the cooking surface.
Use only the accessories supplied with the
appliance.
Do not install a flame diffuser on the burner.
Care and Cleaning
Warning! Risk of damage to the
appliance.
Clean regularly the appliance to prevent the
deterioration of the surface material.
Do not use water spray and steam to clean
the appliance.
Do not clean the burners in the dishwasher.
Clean the appliance with a moist soft cloth.
Only use neutral detergents. Do not use
abrasive products, abrasive cleaning pads,
solvents or metal objects.
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Disposal
Warning! Risk of injury or suffocation.
Contact your municipal authority for informa-
tion on how to discard the appliance correct-
ly.
Disconnect the appliance from the mains
supply.
Cut off the mains cable and discard it.
Flat the external gas pipes.
Product description
Cooking surface layout
1 2
5 4 3
1
Semi-rapid burner
2
Semi-rapid burner
3
Control knobs
4
Auxiliary burner
5
Rapid burner
Control knobs
Symbol Description
no gas supply / off position
Symbol Description
maximum gas supply
minimum gas supply
Daily use
Warning! Refer to the Safety chapters.
Ignition of the burner
Warning! Be very careful when you use
open fire in kitchen environment.
Manufacturer decline any responsibility in case
misuse of the flame
Always light the burner before you put
cookware.
To light the burner:
1. Push and hold the spark generator button
.
2. At the same time turn the control knob
counterclockwise to the maximum position
and push it down to light the burner.
3. Adjust the flame after it is regular.
If after some tries the burner does not
light, check if the crown and its cap are in
correct positions.
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A
B
C
A) Burner cap
B) Burner crown
C) Ignition candle
Warning! Do not keep the control knob
pushed for more than 15 seconds.
If the burner does not light after 15 seconds,
release the control knob, turn it into off position
and try to light the burner again after minimum
1 minute.
Important! In the absence of electricity you
can ignite the burner without electrical device;
in this case approach the burner with a flame,
push the relevant knob down and turn it
counter-clockwise to maximum gas release
position.
If the burner accidentally goes out, turn the
control knob to the off position and try to
light the burner again after minimum 1 minute.
The spark generator can start automatical-
ly when you switch on the mains, after in-
stallation or a power cut. It is normal.
Turning the burner off
To put the flame out, turn the knob to the sym-
bol
.
Warning! Always turn the flame down or
switch it off before you remove the pans
from the burner.
Helpful hints and tips
Warning! Refer to the Safety chapters.
Energy savings
If possible, always put the lids on the pans.
When the liquid starts to boil, turn down the
flame to barely simmer the liquid.
Use cookware with diameters applicable to the
size of burners.
Burner Diameters of cookware
Rapid 160 - 260 mm
Semi-rapid 120 - 220 mm
Auxiliary 80 - 160 mm
Warning! Make sure that the bottoms of
pots do not stand above the control
knobs. If the control knobs are under the
bottoms of pots, the flame heats them up.
Do not put the same pan on two burners.
Warning! Make sure that pot handles is
not above the front edge of the cooktop.
Make sure that pots are centrally put on the
rings in order to get maximum stability and to
get lower gas consumption.
Do not put unstable or damaged pots on the
rings to prevent from spill and injury.
Warning! Do not use a flame diffuser.
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Care and cleaning
Warning! Refer to the Safety chapters.
Warning! Deactivate the appliance and
let it cool down before you clean it.
Disconnect the appliance from the electrical
supply before you do cleaning or maintenance
work.
Warning! For safety reasons, do not clean
the appliance with steam cleaners or high-
pressure cleaners.
Warning! Do not use abrasive cleaners,
steel wool pads or acids. They can cause
damage to the appliance.
Scratches or dark stains on the surface
have no effect on how the appliance oper-
ates.
You can remove the pan supports to easily
clean the hob.
To clean the enamelled parts, cap and
crown, wash them with warm soapy water
and dry them carefully before you put them
back.
Wash stainless steel parts with water, and
then dry them with a soft cloth.
The pan supports are not dishwasher proof.
They must be washed by hand.
When you wash the pan supports by hand,
take care when you dry them as the enamel-
ling process occasionally leaves rough
edges. If necessary, remove stubborn stains
using a paste cleaner.
Make sure you position the pan supports
correctly after cleaning.
To make the burners work correctly, make
sure that the arms of the pan supports are in
the centre of the burner.
Be very careful when you replace the
pan supports to prevent the hob top
from damage.
After cleaning, dry the appliance with a soft
cloth.
Removing the dirt:
1. Remove immediately: melting plastic,
plastic foil, and food containing sugar.
Stop the appliance and let it cool
down before you clean: limescale rings,
water rings, fat stains, shiny metallic dis-
colorations. Use a special cleaner appli-
cable for surface of hob.
2. Clean the appliance with a damp cloth and
some detergent.
3. At the end rub the appliance dry with a
clean cloth.
The stainless steel can become tarnished if it is
too much heated. Refer to this you must not
cook with potstones, earthenware pans or cast
iron plates.
Cleaning of the spark plug
This feature is obtained through a ceramic igni-
tion candle with a metal electrode. Keep these
components well clean to prevent difficult light-
ing and check that the burner crown holes are
not obstructed.
Periodic maintenance
Periodically speak your local Service Force
Centre to check the conditions of the gas sup-
ply pipe and the pressure adjuster, if fitted.
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Troubleshooting
Problem Possible cause Remedy
There is no spark when lighting
the gas
There is no electrical supply Make sure that the unit is con-
nected and the electrical supply
is switched on.
Control the fuse. If the fuse is
released more than one time,
refer to a qualified electrician.
Burner cap and crown are
placed uneven
Make sure that the burner cap
and crown are in correct posi-
tions.
The gas ring burns unevenly Burner crown is blocked with
food residues
Make sure that the injector is
not blocked and the burner
crown is clear of food particles.
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If there is a fault, first try to find a solution to the
problem yourself. If you cannot find a solution to
the problem yourself, speak your dealer or the
local Service Force Centre.
If you operated the appliance incorrectly,
or the installation was not carried out by a
registered engineer, the visit from the customer
service technician or dealer may not take place
free of charge, even during the warranty period.
These data are necessary to help you
quickly and correctly. These data are
available on the supplied rating plate.
Model description .................
Product number (PNC) .................
Serial Number (S.N.) .................
Use the original spare parts only. They are
available at Service Force Centre and approved
spare parts shops.
Labels supplied with the accessories bag
Stick the adhesive labels as indicated below:
MOD.
PROD.NO.
SER.NO
DATA
MOD.
PROD.NO.
SER.NO
DATA
MODELMODEL
MOD.
PROD.NO.
SER.NO.
03 IT
MADE IN ITALY
TYPE
230V-50Hz
IP20
0049
1 2 3
1
Stick it on Guarantee Card and send this
part
2
Stick it on Guarantee Card and keep this
part
3
Stick it on instruction booklet
Installation
Warning! Refer to the Safety chapters.
Warning! The following instructions about
installation, connection and maintenance
must be carried out by qualified personnel in
compliance with standards and local
regulations in force.
Gas Connection
Choose fixed connections or use a flexible pipe
in stainless steel in compliance with the regula-
tion in force. If you use flexible metallic pipes,
be careful they do not come in touch with mo-
bile parts or they are not squeezed. Also be
careful when the hob is put together with an
oven.
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Important! Make sure that the gas supply
pressure of the appliance obeys the
recommended values. The adjustable
connection is fixed to the comprehensive ramp
by means of a threaded nut G 1/2". Screw the
parts without force, adjust the connection in the
necessary direction and tighten everything.
ABC
A) End of shaft with nut
B) Washer
C) Elbow
Liquid gas
Use the rubber pipe holder for liquid gas. Al-
ways engage the gasket. Then continue with
the gas connection.
The flexible pipe is prepared for apply when:
it can not get hot more than room tempera-
ture, higher than 30°C;
it is no longer than 1500 mm;
it shows no throttles;
it is not subject to traction or torsion;
it does not get in touch with cutting edges or
corners;
it can be easily examined in order to make
sure its condition.
The control of preservation of the flexible pipe
consists in checking that:
it does not show cracks, cuts, marks of burn-
ings on the two ends and on its full length;
the material is not hardened, but shows its
correct elasticity;
the fastening clamps are not rusted;
expired term is not due.
If one or more defects are visible, do not repair
the pipe, but replace it.
Important! When installation is complete,
make sure that the seal of each pipe fitting is
correct. Use a soapy solution, not a flame!
Injectors replacement
1. Remove the pan supports.
2. Remove the caps and crowns of the burn-
er.
3. With a socket spanner 7 remove the injec-
tors and replace them with the ones which
are necessary for the type of gas you use
(see table in "Technical Information" chap-
ter).
4. Assemble the parts, follow the same pro-
cedure backwards.
5. Replace the rating plate (it is near the gas
supply pipe) with the one for the new type
of gas supply. You can find this plate in the
package supplied with the appliance.
If the supply gas pressure is changeable or dif-
ferent from the necessary pressure, you must fit
an applicable pressure adjuster on the gas sup-
ply pipe.
Adjustment of minimum level
To adjust the minimum level of the burners:
1. Light the burner.
2. Turn the knob on the minimum position.
3. Remove the control knob.
4. With a thin screwdriver, adjust the by-pass
screw position.
A
A) The by-pass screw
If you change from natural gas G20 20 mbar
(or natural gas G20 13 mbar
1)
) to liquid gas,
fully tighten the by-pass screw in.
1) only for Russia
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If you change from liquid gas to natural gas
G20 20 mbar, undo the by-pass screw ap-
proximately 1/4 of a turn.
If you change from natural gas G20 20 mbar
to natural gas G20 13 mbar
1)
undo the by-
pass screw about 1/4 of a turn.
If you change from liquid gas to natural gas
G20 13 mbar
1)
, undo the by-pass screw
about 1/2 of a turn.
If you change from natural gas G20 13
mbar
1)
to natural gas G20 20 mbar to tight-
en the by-pass screw about 1/4 of a turn.
Warning! Make sure the flame does not
go out when you quickly turn the knob
from the maximum position to the minimum
position.
Electrical connection
Make sure that the rated voltage and type of
power on the rating plate agree with the volt-
age and the power of the local power supply.
This appliance is supplied with a mains ca-
ble. It has to be supplied with a correct plug
which can hold the load that the rating plate
rates. Make sure that you install the plug in a
correct socket.
Always use a correctly installed shockproof
socket.
Make sure that there is an access to the
mains plug after the installation.
Do not pull the mains cable to disconnect
the appliance. Always pull the mains plug.
There is a risk of fire when the appliance is in
connection with an extension cable, an
adapter or a multiple connection. Make sure
that the ground connection agrees with the
standards and regulations.
Do not let the power cable to heat up to a
temperature higher than 90° C.
Make sure that you connect the blue neutral ca-
ble to the terminal with a letter "N" on it. Con-
nect the brown (or black) phase cable to the
terminal which has a letter "L". Keep the phase
cable connected at all times.
Replacement of the connection cable
To replace the connection cable use only
H05V2V2-F T90 or equivalent type. Make sure
that the cable section is applicable to the volt-
age and the working temperature. The yellow/
green earth wire must be approximately 2 cm
longer than the brown (or black) phase wire.
Building In
min. 55 mm
min. 650 mm
550 mm
min. 100 mm
30 mm
470 mm
B
A
A) supplied seal
B) supplied brackets
Caution! Install the appliance only on a
worktop with flat surface.
Possibilities for insertion
Kitchen unit with door
The panel installed below the hob must be easy
to remove and let an easy access in case a
technical assistance intervention is necessary.
min 20 mm
(max 150 mm)
30 mm
60 mm
b
a
a) Removable panel
b) Space for connections
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Kitchen unit with oven
The hob recess dimensions must obey the indi-
cation and the kitchen unit must be equipped
with vents to let a continuous supply of air. The
electrical connection of the hob and the oven
must be installed separately for safety reasons
and to let easy remove oven from the unit.
50 cm
2
360 cm
2
180 cm
2
120 cm
2
Technical information
Hob dimensions
Width: 580 mm
Length: 500 mm
Hob recess dimensions
Width: 550 mm
Length: 470 mm
Heat input
Rapid burner 3.0 kW
Semi-rapid burner: 2.0 kW
Auxiliary burner: 1.0 kW
TOTAL POWER: G20 (2H) 20 mbar = 8.0 kW
G30/G31 (3B/P) 30/30 mbar = 567 g/h
G20 (2H) 13 mbar = 5.6 kW, only for Russia
Electric supply: 230 V ~ 50 Hz
Category: II2H3B/P
Gas connection: G 1/2"
Gas supply: G20 (2H) 20 mbar
Appliance class: 3
By-pass diameters
Burner Ø By-pass in 1/100
mm
Burner Ø By-pass in 1/100
mm
Auxiliary 28 Rapid 42
Semi-rapid 32
Gas burners for NATURAL GAS G20 20 mbar
BURNER NORMAL POWER kW inj. 1/100 mm
Auxiliary 1.0 70
Semi-rapid 2.0 96
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BURNER NORMAL POWER kW inj. 1/100 mm
Rapid 3.0 119
Gas burners for LPG G30/G31 30/30 mbar
BURNER
NORMAL POWER
kW
inj.
1/100 mm
g/h
Auxiliary 1.0 50 73
Semi-rapid 2.0 71 145
Rapid 2.8 86 204
Gas burners G20 13 mbar - only Russia
BURNER NORMAL
POWER
REDUCED POW-
ER
NORMAL POWER
NATURAL GAS
G20 (2H) 13 mbar
kW kW inj. 1/100 mm m³/h
Auxiliary 0.9 0.33 80 0.095
Semi-rapid 1.4 0.45 105 0.148
Rapid 1.9 0.75 120 0.201
Environment concerns
The symbol on the product or on its
packaging indicates that this product may not
be treated as household waste. Instead it
should be taken to the appropriate collection
point for the recycling of electrical and
electronic equipment. By ensuring this product
is disposed of correctly, you will help prevent
potential negative consequences for the
environment and human health, which could
otherwise be caused by inappropriate waste
handling of this product. For more detailed
information about recycling of this product,
please contact your local council, your
household waste disposal service or the shop
where you purchased the product.
Packaging material
The packaging materials are friendly to the
environment and can be recycled. The
plastic components are identified by marking:
>PE<,>PS<, etc. Discard the packaging mate-
rials as household waste at the waste disposal
facilities in your municipality.
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ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ
ɋɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɟ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ _ _ 14
ɍɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15
Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18
ȿɠɟɞɧɟɜɧɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18
ɉɨɥɟɡɧɵɟ ɫɨɜɟɬɵ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19
ɍɯɨɞ ɢ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɚ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20
ɉɨɢɫɤ ɢ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɟɣ _ 21
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22
Ɍɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25
Ɉɯɪɚɧɚ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27
ɉɪɚɜɨ ɧɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɟɬɫɹ.
ɋɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɟ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɨɣ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɟɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɡ-
ɧɚɤɨɦɶɬɟɫɶ ɫ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɦ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɦ. ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɟ
ɧɟɫɟɬ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚ ɬɪɚɜɦɵ ɢ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧ-
ɧɵɟ/ɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɨɣ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɟɣ.
ɉɨɡɚɛɨɬɶɬɟɫɶ ɨ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɞɚɧɧɨɟ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɭ ȼɚɫ
ɩɨɞ ɪɭɤɨɣ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɬɹɠɟɧɢɢ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɫɪɨɤɚ ɫɥɭɠɛɵ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ.
Ȼɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɢ ɥɢɰ ɫ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ
ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɪɢɫɤ ɭɞɭɲɶɹ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɪɚɜɦ
ɢɥɢ ɫɬɨɣɤɢɯ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɧɟɬɪɭɞɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ.
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɟɬɶɦɢ ɫɬɚɪɲɟ 8
ɥɟɬ ɢ ɥɢɰɚɦɢ ɫ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ, ɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɵɦɢ
ɢɥɢ ɭɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɫ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɦ
ɨɩɵɬɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɡɧɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɢ ɧɚɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɞ
ɩɪɢɫɦɨɬɪɨɦ ɥɢɰɚ, ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɡɚ ɢɯ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ.
ɇɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɣɬɟ ɞɟɬɹɦ ɢɝɪɚɬɶ ɫ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ.
ɏɪɚɧɢɬɟ ɜɫɟ
ɭɩɚɤɨɜɨɱɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɜɧɟ ɞɨɫɹɝɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɞɟ-
ɬɟɣ.
ɇɟ ɩɨɞɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɢ ɞɨɦɚɲɧɢɯ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɤ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɭ, ɤɨ-
ɝɞɚ ɨɧ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɢɥɢ ɨɫɬɵɜɚɟɬ. Ⱦɨɫɬɭɩɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚ ɱɚ-
ɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɸɬ ɜɵɫɨɤɭɸ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ.
ȿɫɥɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɟɣ «Ɂɚɳɢɬɚ ɨɬ ɞɟɬɟɣ», ɪɟɤɨ-
ɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɷɬɭ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ.
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Ɉɱɢɫɬɤɚ ɢ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɸ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢ-
ɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɞɟɬɶɦɢ ɛɟɡ ɩɪɢɫɦɨɬɪɚ.
Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
ɉɪɢɛɨɪ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɢɥɶɧɨ ɧɚɝɪɟ-
ɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ. ɇɟ ɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɤ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ-
ɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦ.
ɇɟ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ
ɬɚɣɦɟɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟ-
ɧɢɹ.
Ɉɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ, ɝɨɬɨɜɹɳɢɯɫɹ
ɧɚ ɠɢɪɟ ɢɥɢ ɦɚɫɥɟ, ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɩɪɢ-
ɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ
ɩɨɠɚɪɭ.
ɇɢ ɜ ɤɨɟɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟ ɩɵɬɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɡɚɥɢɬɶ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɜɨɞɨɣ; ɜɦɟ-
ɫɬɨ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɢ ɧɚɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɩɥɚɦɹ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ,
ɤɪɵɲɤɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɠɚɪɧɵɦ ɨɞɟɹɥɨɦ.
ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɵɟ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɞɥɹ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɤɢɯ-ɥɢɛɨ
ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜ.
ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɩɚɪɨɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɟɥɢ ɞɥɹ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ.
ɇɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɤɥɚɫɬɶ ɧɚ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟ-
ɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ, ɬɚɤɢɟ, ɤɚɤ
ɧɨɠɢ, ɜɢɥɤɢ, ɥɨɠɤɢ ɢ ɤɪɵɲɤɢ, ɬɚɤ
ɤɚɤ ɨɧɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɶɫɹ.
ɍɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ
ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ
ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ!
ɍɞɚɥɢɬɟ ɜɫɸ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɭ.
ɇɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɢ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɣɬɟ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪ, ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ.
ɋɥɟɞɭɣɬɟ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɦ ɤ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɭ ɢɧ-
ɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦ ɩɨ ɟɝɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ.
ȼɵɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɵɟ
ɡɚɡɨɪɵ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɫɟɞɧɢɦɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɦɢ ɢ
ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɚɦɢ ɦɟɛɟɥɢ.
ɉɪɢɛɨɪ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɜɟɫ: ɧɟ ɡɚɛɵɜɚɣ-
ɬɟ ɨ ɦɟɪɚɯ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɟɝɨ
ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ. Ɉɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣ-
ɬɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɟ ɩɟɪɱɚɬɤɢ.
ɉɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɪɟɡɨɜ ɫɬɨɥɟɲɧɢɰɵ ɧɟɨɛ-
ɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɶ ɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɤɨɦ ɜɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚ-
ɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɪɚɡɛɭɯɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɞ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ
ɜɥɚɝɢ.
Ɂɚɳɢɬɢɬɟ ɞɧɢɳɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɨɬ ɩɚɪɚ ɢ ɜɥɚ-
ɝɢ.
ɇɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɜɨɡɥɟ ɞɜɟɪɟɣ
ɢɥɢ ɩɨɞ ɨɤɧɚɦɢ. ɗɬɨ
ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɬɶ
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ɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ ɩɪɢ
ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɧɢɢ ɞɜɟɪɢ ɢɥɢ ɨɤɧɚ.
ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɧɚɞ ɜɵ-
ɞɜɢɠɧɵɦɢ ɹɳɢɤɚɦɢ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɦɟɠ-
ɞɭ ɞɧɢɳɟɦ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɦ ɹɳɢɤɨɦ
ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɞɥɹ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ
ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ.
Ⱦɧɨ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɫɢɥɶɧɨ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɟɬɫɹ. Ɋɟɤɨ-
ɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɦɟɫɬɢɬɶ ɩɨɞ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ ɩɨ-
ɠɚɪɨɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɭɸ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɪɨ-
ɤɥɚɞɤɭ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪɭ ɫɧɢɡɭ.
ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ
ɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɪɢɫɤ ɩɨɠɚɪɚ
ɢ ɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɬɨɤɨɦ.
ȼɫɟ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɤɨɦ.
ɉɪɢɛɨɪ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧ.
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɚɤɢɯ-ɥɢɛɨ ɨɩɟɪɚ-
ɰɢɣ ɩɨ ɱɢɫɬɤɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɨ ɭɯɨɞɭ ɡɚ
ɧɢɦ ɟɝɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɨɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɷɥɟɤ-
ɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ.
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨ-
ɫɟɬɟɜɨɣ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ.
ɇɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɫɩɭɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɨ-
ɜɨɞɨɜ.
ɉɪɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɤ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɚɦ,
ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɦ ɧɚ ɛɥɢɡɤɨɦ ɨɬ ɧɟɝɨ ɪɚɫ-
ɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ, ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɣ ɲɧɭɪ
ɢɥɢ ɜɢɥɤɚ (ɟɫɥɢ ɷɬɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɦɨ ɤ ɞɚɧɧɨ-
ɦɭ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɭ) ɧɟ ɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹ ɝɨɪɹɱɟɝɨ ɩɪɢɛɨ-
ɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɝɨɪɹɱɟɣ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ.
ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ. ɇɟɩɥɨɬɧɨ ɡɚɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ
ɫɟɬɟɜɨɣ ɲɧɭɪ ɢɥɢ ɜɢɥɤɚ (ɟɫɥɢ ɷɬɨ ɩɪɢ-
ɦɟɧɢɦɨ ɤ
ɞɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɭ), ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɧɟ-
ɩɥɨɬɧɨ ɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɟ, ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢ-
ɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɟɜɭ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɨɜ.
ɉɨɡɚɛɨɬɶɬɟɫɶ ɨɛ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɨɬ
ɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɬɨɤɨɦ.
ɋɟɬɟɜɨɣ ɲɧɭɪ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɬɭɝɨ ɧɚɬɹ-
ɧɭɬ.
ɋɥɟɞɢɬɟ ɡɚ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɧɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶ
ɜɢɥɤɭ (ɟɫɥɢ ɷɬɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɦɨ ɤ ɞɚɧɧɨɦɭ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪɭ) ɢ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɣ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ. Ⱦɥɹ ɡɚɦɟɧɵ
ɫɟɬɟɜɨɝɨ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɫɟɪɜɢɫ-
ɧɵɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ ɢɥɢ ɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɤɭ.
ɉɪɢɛɨɪ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɤ ɷɥɟɤ-
ɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɟɟ
ɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɹɬɶ ɨɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɜɫɟ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɵ. ɍɫ-
ɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɞɥɹ ɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟ-
ɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɪɚɡɨɦɤɧɭɬɵɦɢ
ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚɦɢ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 3 ɦɦ.
ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɪɚɡ-
ɦɵɤɚɸɳɢɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ:
ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶ-
ɧɵɟ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɢ, ɩɥɚɜ-
ɤɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɢ (ɪɟɡɶɛɨɜɵɟ ɩɥɚɜɤɢɟ
ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɜɵɤɪɭɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɢɡ
ɝɧɟɡɞɚ), ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɵ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɨɬ ɬɨɤɚ ɭɬɟɱɤɢ
ɢ ɩɭɫɤɚɬɟɥɢ.
ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɥɢ
ȼɫɟ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɪɨ-
ɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɫɩɟ-
ɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɦ.
ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɜɨɤɪɭɝ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ
ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɚɹ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹ.
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟ ɨ ɩɨɞɜɨɞɟ ɝɚɡɚ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɧɚ
ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɫ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ.
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɧɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɜɵɬɹɠ-
ɧɵɦ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦ, ɭɞɚɥɹɸɳɢɦ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɵ
ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ. ɍɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟ-
ɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬ-
ɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɢ. ɍɞɟ-
ɥɢɬɟ ɨɫɨɛɨɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɸ ɧɚ-
ɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ.
ɗɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɹ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɪɢɫɤ
ɬɪɚɜɦɵ, ɨɠɨɝɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɬɨɤɨɦ.
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɜ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢ-
ɹɯ.
ɇɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɣɬɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢ
-
ɛɨɪɚ.
ɇɟ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɣɬɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɛɟɡ ɩɪɢɫɦɨɬɪɚ ɜɨ
ɜɪɟɦɹ ɟɝɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ.
ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɧɟ ɤɚɫɚɣ-
ɬɟɫɶ ɟɝɨ ɦɨɤɪɵɦɢ ɪɭɤɚɦɢ. ɇɟ ɤɚɫɚɣɬɟɫɶ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ, ɟɫɥɢ ɧɚ ɧɟɝɨ ɩɨɩɚɥɚ ɜɨɞɚ.
16
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ɇɟ ɤɥɚɞɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ ɫɬɨɥɨɜɵɟ ɩɪɢ-
ɛɨɪɵ ɢɥɢ ɤɪɵɲɤɢ ɤɚɫɬɪɸɥɶ. Ɉɧɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ
ɫɢɥɶɧɨ ɧɚɝɪɟɬɶɫɹ.
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɵɤɥɸ-
ɱɚɣɬɟ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ.
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ
ɜɨɡɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɜɡɪɵɜɚ.
ɉɪɢ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɟ ɠɢɪɵ ɢ ɦɚɫɥɚ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɵɞɟ-
ɥɹɬɶ ɥɟɝɤɨɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɩɚɪɵ. ɇɟ
ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɝɨ ɩɥɚ-
ɦɟɧɢ ɢ ɧɚɝɪɟɬɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶ-
ɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɠɢɪɨɜ ɢ ɦɚ-
ɫɟɥ.
ɉɚɪɵ, ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɦɵɟ ɫɢɥɶɧɨ ɧɚɝɪɟɬɵɦ ɦɚ-
ɫɥɨɦ, ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɚɦɨɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɥɶɧɨ-
ɦɭ ɜɨɡɝɨɪɚɧɢɸ.
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɦɚɫɥɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɨɞɟɪ-
ɠɚɬɶ ɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ, ɱɬɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢ-
ɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɟɝɨ ɜɨɡɝɨɪɚɧɢɸ ɩɪɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɧɢɡɤɢɯ
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɯ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɦɚɫɥɨɦ,
ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɵɣ ɪɚɡ.
ɇɟ ɤɥɚɞɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ, ɪɹɞɨɦ ɫ ɧɢɦ ɢɥɢ
ɜɧɭɬɪɶ ɧɟɝɨ ɥɟɝɤɨɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɟɫɹ
ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɢɥɢ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ, ɩɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɧɵɟ
ɥɟɝɤɨɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɦɢɫɹ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚɦɢ.
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɪɢɫɤ
ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ.
ɇɟ ɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɧɚ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɪɹ-
ɱɭɸ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɭɸ ɩɨɫɭɞɭ.
ɇɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɣɬɟ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɜɵ-
ɤɢɩɚɬɶ ɢɡ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ.
ɇɟ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɣɬɟ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ ɛɟɡ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɣ
ɩɨɫɭɞɵ ɢɥɢ ɫ ɩɭɫɬɨɣ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɣ.
ɇɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɤɚɤɢɯ-ɥɢɛɨ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜ
ɢɥɢ ɤɭ-
ɯɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ. ɗɬɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɟɟ
ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɸ.
ɇɟ ɤɥɚɞɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɟɜɭɸ
ɮɨɥɶɝɭ.
ɇɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɩɨɩɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸ
ɩɚɧɟɥɶ ɟɞɤɢɯ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɟɣ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɭɤ-
ɫɭɫɚ, ɥɢɦɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɤɚ ɢɥɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɞɥɹ
ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɤɢɩɢ. ɗɬɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ
ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɦɚɬɨɜɵɯ ɩɹɬɟɧ.
Ɉɛɟɫɩɟɱɶɬɟ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɭɸ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɸ
ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɩɪɢ-
ɛɨɪ.
ɍɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ
ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ ɧɟ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɵ.
ɉɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɣ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɣ
ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɟɣ ɮɨɪɦɵ. Ⱦɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɞɧɚ ɩɨɫɭ-
ɞɵ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɬɶ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɵ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɤ.
ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɟɜɚ ɢ ɩɨ-
ɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ (ɟɫɥɢ ɬɚ-
ɤɨɜɚɹ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ).
ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɧɟ ɝɚɫɧɟɬ ɩɪɢ ɛɵ-
ɫɬɪɨɦ ɩɨɜɨɪɨɬɟ
ɪɭɱɤɢ ɢɡ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɜ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ.
ɍɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɫɭɞɚ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɚ
ɩɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɭ ɡɨɧ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ ɢ ɧɟ ɜɵɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɚ
ɤɪɚɹ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ.
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ,
ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɦɵɟ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ.
ɇɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɧɚ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ ɪɚɫɫɟɤɚ-
ɬɟɥɢ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ.
ɍɯɨɞ ɢ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɚ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɪɢɫɤ
ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ.
ȼɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɹ
ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟ ɟɝɨ
ɪɟɝɭ-
ɥɹɪɧɭɸ ɨɱɢɱɬɤɭ.
ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɞɥɹ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɩɨ-
ɞɚɜɚɟɦɭɸ ɩɨɞ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɨɞɭ ɢɥɢ ɩɚɪ.
ɇɟ ɦɨɣɬɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɨɣ ɦɚ-
ɲɢɧɟ.
ɉɪɨɬɢɪɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɦɹɝɤɨɣ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɣ
ɬɪɹɩɤɨɣ. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶ-
ɧɵɟ ɦɨɸɳɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ. ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ
ɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɵɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ, ɰɚɪɚɩɚɸɳɢɟ ɝɭɛ-
ɤɢ, ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɢ ɢɥɢ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ
ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ.
ɍɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ
ɬɪɚɜɦɵ ɢɥɢ ɭɞɭɲɶɹ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɬɨɦ, ɤɚɤ
ɧɚɞɥɟɠɢɬ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢ-
ɛɨɪ, ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɟ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶ-
ɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ.
17
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Ɉɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɨɬ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ.
Ɉɬɪɟɠɶɬɟ ɢ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɷɥɟɤ-
ɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ.
Ɋɚɫɩɥɸɳɢɬɟ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɵɟ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɬɪɭɛɵ.
Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ
Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ
1 2
5 4 3
1
Ƚɨɪɟɥɤɚ ɞɥɹ ɭɫɤɨɪɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜ-
ɥɟɧɢɹ
2
Ƚɨɪɟɥɤɚ ɞɥɹ ɭɫɤɨɪɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜ-
ɥɟɧɢɹ
3
Ɋɭɱɤɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
4
ȼɫɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɚ
5
Ƚɨɪɟɥɤɚ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ
Ɋɭɱɤɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɋɢɦɜɨɥ Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ
ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɩɨɞɚɱɚ ɝɚɡɚ / ɩɨ-
ɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ "ȼɵɤɥ"
ɋɢɦɜɨɥ Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ
ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɨɞɚɱɚ ɝɚɡɚ
ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɨɞɚɱɚ ɝɚɡɚ
ȿɠɟɞɧɟɜɧɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! ɋɦ. Ƚɥɚɜɭ «ɋɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ
ɬɟɯɧɢɤɟ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ».
Ɋɨɡɠɢɝ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! Ȼɭɞɶɬɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɵ ɩɪɢ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɝɨ ɨɝɧɹ ɧɚ
ɤɭɯɧɟ. ɂɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ
ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɨɝɧɟɦ
ȼɫɟɝɞɚ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɣɬɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ, ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ
ɩɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɧɟɟ ɩɨɫɭɞɭ.
ȼɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ:
1. ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɷɥɟɤ-
ɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɨɡɠɢɝɚ
.
2. Ɉɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɪɭɱɤɭ ɭɩɪɚ-
ɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ ɜ ɤɪɚɣ-
ɧɟɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ
ɢ ɧɚɞɚɜɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɪɭɱ-
ɤɭ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɡɚɠɟɱɶ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ.
3. Ɉɬɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɤɚɤ
ɨɧɨ ɫɬɚɧɟɬ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɵɦ.
ȿɫɥɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɩɨɩɵɬɨɤ ɡɚ-
ɠɟɱɶ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ ɧɟ ɭɞɚɥɨɫɶ, ɬɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶ-
ɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɫɟɤɚɬɟɥɹ ɢ
ɤɪɵɲɤɢ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ.
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A
B
C
A) Ʉɪɵɲɤɚ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ
B) Ɋɚɫɫɟɤɚɬɟɥɶ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ
C) ɋɜɟɱɚ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! ɇɟ ɞɟɪɠɢɬɟ ɪɭɱɤɭ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɠɚɬɨɣ ɛɨɥɟɟ 15 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ.
ȿɫɥɢ ɪɨɡɠɢɝɚ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɧɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɱɟɪɟɡ
15 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ, ɨɬɩɭɫɬɢɬɟ ɪɭɱɤɭ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ,
ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɟɟ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ «ȼɵɤɥ» ɢ
ɩɨɩɵɬɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɫɧɨɜɚ ɪɚɡɠɟɱɶ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ,
ɩɨɞɨɠɞɚɜ ɩɨ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ ɦɟɪɟ 1 ɦɢɧɭɬɭ.
ȼȺɀɇɈ! ɉɪɢ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
ɦɨɠɧɨ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɬɶ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ ɛɟɡ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɨɞɠɢɝɚ; ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɧɟɫɢɬɟ ɤ
ɝɨɪɟɥɤɟ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɨɝɧɹ, ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɭɸ ɪɭɱɤɭ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɟɟ
ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ
ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɚɱɢ ɝɚɡɚ.
ȿɫɥɢ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɚ ɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɨ ɩɨɝɚɫɧɟɬ, ɭɫɬɚ-
ɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɭɸ ɪɭɱɤɭ ɭɩɪɚ-
ɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ "ȼɵɤɥ" ɢ ɩɨɩɪɨɛɭɣɬɟ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɪɨɡɠɢɝ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɫɧɨɜɚ ɤɚɤ ɦɢɧɢ-
ɦɭɦ ɱɟɪɟɡ
1 ɦɢɧɭɬɭ.
ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɪɨɡɠɢɝ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɚɜ-
ɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɞɚɱɟ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚ-
ɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɜɨɫ-
ɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ. ɗɬɨ - ɧɨɪ-
ɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ.
ȼɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɩɨɬɭɲɢɬɶ ɩɥɚɦɹ, ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɪɭɱɤɭ
ɧɚ ɫɢɦɜɨɥ
.
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! ȼɫɟɝɞɚ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɣɬɟ ɢɥɢ
ɝɚɫɢɬɟ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɬɟɦ, ɤɚɤ ɫɧɢɦɚɬɶ
ɩɨɫɭɞɭ ɫ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ.
ɉɨɥɟɡɧɵɟ ɫɨɜɟɬɵ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! ɋɦ. Ƚɥɚɜɭ «ɋɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ
ɬɟɯɧɢɤɟ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ».
ɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ
ɉɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɧɚɤɪɵɜɚɣɬɟ ɩɨ-
ɫɭɞɭ ɤɪɵɲɤɚɦɢ.
Ʉɚɤ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɡɚɤɢɩɚɬɶ,
ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɣɬɟ ɩɥɚɦɹ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɞɨ ɫɚɦɨɝɨ
ɧɢɡɤɨɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ, ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɞɥɹ ɤɢɩɟ-
ɧɢɹ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ.
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɬɭ ɩɨɫɭɞɭ, ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɤɨ-
ɬɨɪɨɣ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚɦ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɨɤ.
Ƚɨɪɟɥɤɚ Ⱦɢɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ
Ȼɵɫɬɪɨɞɟɣ-
ɫɬɜɭɸɳɚɹ
160 - 260 ɦɦ
Ƚɨɪɟɥɤɚ Ⱦɢɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ
ɍɫɤɨɪɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ
120 - 220 ɦɦ
ȼɫɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɟɥɶ-
ɧɚɹ
80 - 160 ɦɦ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! ɉɨɡɚɛɨɬɶɬɟɫɶ ɨ ɬɨɦ,
ɱɬɨɛɵ ɞɧɢɳɟ ɫɤɨɜɨɪɨɞɨɤ ɢ ɤɚɫɬɪɸɥɶ
ɧɟ ɤɚɫɚɥɨɫɶ ɛɵ ɪɭɱɟɤ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ. ɉɪɢ
ɤɚɫɚɧɢɢ ɞɧɢɳɟɦ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ ɪɭɱɟɤ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɩɥɚɦɹ ɢɯ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɟɬ.
ɇɟ ɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɨɞɧɭ ɤɚɫɬɪɸɥɸ ɢɥɢ ɫɤɨɜɨɪɨɞɭ
ɧɚ ɞɜɟ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ.
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ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɪɭɱɤɢ
ɤɚɫɬɪɸɥɢ ɧɟ ɜɵɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɡɚ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɵ
ɩɟɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɤɪɨɦɤɢ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ.
ɋɥɟɞɢɬɟ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɤɚɫɬɪɸɥɢ ɛɵɥɢ
ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɵ ɩɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɭ: ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ
ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɶ ɢ
ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɝɚɡɚ.
ɇɟ ɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ ɧɟɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɭɸ ɢɥɢ
ɞɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɭɸ ɩɨɫɭɞɭ. ɗɬɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢ-
ɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɪɚɡɛɪɵɡɝɢɜɚɧɢɸ ɟɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɦɨɝɨ ɢ
ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɸ ɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɥɭɱɚɹ.
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ
ɪɚɫɫɟɤɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ.
ɍɯɨɞ ɢ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɚ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! ɋɦ. Ƚɥɚɜɭ «ɋɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ
ɬɟɯɧɢɤɟ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ».
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! ɉɟɪɟɞ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɨɣ
ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɢ ɞɚɜɚɣɬɟ ɟɦɭ
ɨɫɬɵɬɶ. ɉɟɪɟɞ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ
ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɱɢɫɬɤɨɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ
ɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɨɬ ɫɟɬɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ.
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! ɑɢɫɬɤɚ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɫɬɪɭɟɣ
ɩɚɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɟɥɟɦ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɝɨ
ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɚ ɢɡ ɫɨɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɣ
ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ.
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ! ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ
ɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɵɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ, ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ
ɦɨɱɚɥɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɤɢɫɥɨɬ
.
ɗɬɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɸ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ.
ɐɚɪɚɩɢɧɵ ɢɥɢ ɬɟɦɧɵɟ ɩɹɬɧɚ ɧɚ ɩɨ-
ɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟ ɜɥɢɹɸɬ ɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɩɪɢɛɨ-
ɪɚ.
ɉɨɞɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ ɫɧɢɦɚɸɬɫɹ, ɱɬɨ
ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɥɟɝɤɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɱɢɫɬɤɭ ɜɚ-
ɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɷɦɚɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ,
ɤɪɵɲɤɢ ɢ ɪɚɫɫɟɤɚɬɟɥɹ ɜɵɦɨɣɬɟ ɢɯ ɜɨɞɨɣ
ɫ ɦɵɥɨɦ ɢ ɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɫɭɲɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɞ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɨɣ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɨ.
ɉɪɨɦɨɣɬɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɢɡ ɧɟɪɠɚɜɟɸɳɟɣ
ɫɬɚɥɢ ɜɨɞɨɣ, ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɜɵɬɪɢɬɟ ɢɯ ɧɚɫɭɯɨ
ɦɹɝɤɨɣ ɬɪɹɩɤɨɣ.
ɉɨɞɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɦɵɬɶ ɜ
ɩɨɫɭɞɨɦɨɟɱɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɟ. ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɦɵɬɶ ɢɯ ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ.
ɉɪɢ ɦɨɣɤɟ ɩɨɞɫɬɚɜɨɤ ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ ɛɭɞɶɬɟ
ɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɵ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɢɯ ɩɪɨɬɢɪɚɟɬɟ, ɬɚɤ
ɤɚɤ ɭ ɧɢɯ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɫɬɪɵɟ ɤɪɚɹ. ɉɪɢ
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɭɞɚɥɹɣɬɟ ɫɬɨɣɤɢɟ ɡɚ-
ɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɱɢɫɬɹɳɟɣ ɩɚɫɬɵ.
ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ
ɩɨɞɫɬɚɜɨɤ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɢ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɥɢ ɧɚ-
ɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɫɬɟɪɠɧɢ ɩɨɞɫɬɚɜɨɤ
ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ
ɰɟɧɬɪɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ.
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɧɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸ ɩɚ-
ɧɟɥɶ, ɛɭɞɶɬɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɵ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɬɚ-
ɧɨɜɤɟ ɩɨɞɫɬɚɜɨɤ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɭɞɵ.
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɜɵɬɪɢɬɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɧɚɫɭɯɨ ɦɹɝ-
ɤɨɣ ɬɤɚɧɶɸ.
ɍɞɚɥɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ:
1. ɍɞɚɥɢɬɶ
ɧɟɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨ: ɪɚɫɩɥɚɜɥɟɧ-
ɧɭɸ ɩɥɚɫɬɦɚɫɫɭ, ɩɨɥɢɷɬɢɥɟɧɨɜɭɸ
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